這是歷史版本頁面 — 看 Java Development Kit (32-bit) 最新版本
舊電腦想寫Java程式,JDK 32位元版夠用嗎
你手上有一台比較舊的 Windows 電腦,可能是七、八年前的機器,系統還停在 Windows 7 或 Windows 8。最近想開始學寫 Java,或是有個舊專案需要重新編譯,於是上網找開發工具,結果發現 Java 的開發套件有分 32 位元和 64 位元,下載頁面全是英文,一時間不知道該選哪一個。裝錯版本怕跑不動,不裝又沒辦法繼續下一步,就這樣卡在下載頁面半小時。
一般人的直覺是「直接抓最新版、最大的那個檔案就對了」,但舊電腦的作業系統和處理器不一定支援 64 位元,硬裝上去可能連安裝程式都打不開。就算安裝成功,也可能因為記憶體不足或系統不相容而頻頻出錯。這類開發工具套件的切入點,其實是讓你在「寫程式」和「執行程式」之間有一整套工具可以用——編譯、打包、除錯、產生說明文件,而不是只給你一個能跑 Java 的環境。搞清楚自己到底需要「開發」還是只要「執行」,才不會裝了一堆用不到的東西。
01JDK 32位元版到底能拿來做什麼?
它是一整套 Java 開發工具,包含編譯器 javac,可以把寫好的 .java 原始碼編譯成 .class 位元碼;jar 工具負責把多個 class 檔打包成一個 JAR 檔案;javadoc 可以從程式碼註解自動產生 API 說明文件;jdb 是除錯器,讓你可以逐步執行程式、檢查變數值。另外它也內建一個完整的 Java 執行環境(JRE),所以開發完的程式可以直接在本機跑。
02它跟 JRE 有什麼不同?我是不是裝 JRE 就夠了?
JRE 只有 Java 虛擬機(JVM)和執行時需要的類別庫,讓你可以「執行」已經編譯好的 Java 程式,但不能自己寫程式碼再編譯。JDK 除了包含完整的 JRE,還多了編譯器、除錯器、打包工具等開發用的程式。如果你只是要跑別人寫好的 Java 應用程式或遊戲,裝 JRE 就夠;如果你要自己寫程式、編譯、打包,才需要 JDK。
03用這套軟體寫 Java 程式,需要另外裝 IDE 嗎?
不需要,但建議裝。JDK 本身是命令列工具,你可以在記事本寫好程式碼,然後打開命令提示字元,用 javac 編譯、用 java 執行,全部靠打字完成。但這樣寫程式很沒效率,官方說明中也提到,開發者通常會搭配 Eclipse、IntelliJ IDEA 或 NetBeans 這類整合開發環境使用,IDE 提供程式碼編輯器、專案管理、一鍵編譯和除錯介面,會比純命令列順手很多。
04安裝完之後怎麼確認有沒有裝好?
安裝完成後,打開命令提示字元(在 Windows 搜尋列輸入 cmd),輸入 java -version 再按 Enter。如果安裝正確,畫面上會顯示 JDK 的版本資訊;如果出現「無法辨識」或「不是內部或外部指令」的訊息,代表安裝路徑沒有正確設定,或是安裝過程有問題。官方安裝說明也特別提到用這個指令來驗證,這是第一個該做的檢查。
05它能不能編譯其他語言寫的程式?
不行。這套軟體是專門給 Java 用的,編譯器 javac 只接受 Java 原始碼,jar 打包的也是 Java 的類別檔。官方功能說明中提到的工具,包含 javac、jar、javadoc、jdb、jshell,全部都是圍繞 Java 生態系設計的。如果你要寫 C、Python 或 JavaScript,需要另外找對應的編譯器或直譯器,這套軟體幫不上忙。
06我的電腦是 32 位元的 Windows,裝這套軟體跑得動嗎?
這套軟體就是設計給 32 位元系統用的,支援 Windows 7、Windows 8 和 Windows 10,所以只要你的系統是這幾個版本之一,理論上可以安裝。不過官方資料沒有提到最低硬體需求,如果你的電腦記憶體低於 2GB,編譯大型專案時可能會比較慢。建議先安裝,用 java -version 確認能跑,再實際編譯一個小程式測試看看。
07初學者用這套軟體學 Java 會不會太難?
官方說明提到 JDK 適合從初學者到專業開發者各種程度的人使用,因為它提供完整的文件、教學和範例程式碼。但它的操作介面是命令列,沒有圖形化按鈕,對完全沒碰過程式的人來說,第一步會比較辛苦。如果你是完全新手,建議搭配一個 IDE(例如 NetBeans)一起用,IDE 會幫你處理很多指令細節,你只要專注在寫程式邏輯就好。
08只是要執行 Java 遊戲或軟體,需要裝這個嗎?
不需要。JDK 是開發工具,裡面雖然包含執行環境,但體積比較大,安裝也比較複雜。如果你只是要跑別人寫好的 Java 程式,安裝 Java Runtime Environment(JRE)就夠了,它只有虛擬機和執行所需的類別庫,輕量很多。官方資料中 JRE 的使用者評分人數有 3861 人,比 JDK 的 1110 人多,也反映多數人其實只需要執行環境。
09我的電腦是 64 位元,裝 32 位元版會有問題嗎?
官方資料沒有提到 64 位元系統安裝 32 位元版會發生什麼事,這部分需要你自己確認。一般來說,64 位元 Windows 可以執行 32 位元應用程式,但效能上可能不如原生 64 位元版本。如果你的系統是 64 位元,建議先到 Oracle 官方下載頁面看看有沒有提供 64 位元版本,有的話優先選那個,記憶體使用效率會比較好。
10公司要拿來開發商用 Java 專案,用這套軟體授權上要注意什麼?
官方說明明確寫著 JDK 可以免費下載和使用,但「商業使用」必須遵守 Oracle 的授權條款。官方文件也提到,商業使用的授權條款可能比較複雜,甚至可能需要付費。如果你的公司要用在商業產品上,建議直接到 Oracle 官方網站查閱最新的 Oracle Technology Network License Agreement,或諮詢法務人員,不要假設免費下載就等於可以任意商用。
11介面只有英文,看不懂操作選項怎麼辦?
這套軟體的介面語系確實只有英文,官方文件、安裝程式和工具輸出都是英文。不過它的核心工具都是命令列指令,常用的只有 javac、java、jar 這幾個,指令參數不多,上網搜尋都有中文教學。安裝過程也只有幾個下一步按鈕,不太會卡住。如果你連安裝程式的英文都覺得吃力,可以找網路上中文的 JDK 安裝教學,照著步驟點就可以了。
12這套軟體跟 OpenJDK 比起來哪個比較好?
官方資料中沒有提到 OpenJDK,所以無法直接比較。JDK 是 Oracle 發行的版本,OpenJDK 是開源社群維護的版本,兩者功能上很接近,但授權條款不同。如果你在意的是商業使用授權,OpenJDK 的授權通常比較寬鬆;如果你想要 Oracle 官方支援和文件,就選 JDK。建議根據你的用途(個人學習還是商業開發)和授權需求,分別到官方網站查閱條款後再決定。
下載與官方連結
前往官方網站 下載 Java Development Kit (32-bit)
jdk-8u131-windows-i586.exe · 191.22 MB · 連結指向軟體原廠
版本紀錄
- 2026-10-26 Java JDK 8 Update 511 (32-bit) 124.17 MB
- 2026-08-20 Java JDK 8 Update 503 (32-bit) 153.44 MB
- 2026-07-27 Java JDK 8 Update 501 (32-bit) 153.46 MB
再看 5 筆
- 2026-04-22 Java JDK 8 Update 491 (32-bit) 153.42 MB
- 2026-03-18 Java JDK 8 Update 481 (32-bit) 87.89 MB
- 2025-07-16 Java JDK 8 Update 461 (32-bit) 87.01 MB
- 2025-04-16 Java JDK 8 Update 451 (32-bit) 86.98 MB
- 2025-01-22 Java JDK 8 Update 441 (32-bit) 143.35 MB
這一版改了什麼
What's new in this version:
CHANGES:
MD5 added to jdk.jar.disabledAlgorithms Security property:
This JDK release introduces a new restriction on how MD5 signed JAR files are verified. If the signed JAR file uses MD5, signature verification operations will ignore the signature and treat the JAR as if it were unsigned. This can potentially occur in the following types of applications that use signed JAR files:
- Applets or Web Start Applications
- Standalone or Server Applications that are run with a SecurityManager enabled and are configured with a policy file that grants permissions based on the code signer(s) of the JAR file.
- The list of disabled algorithms is controlled via the security property, jdk.jar.disabledAlgorithms, in the java.security file. This property contains a list of disabled algorithms and key sizes for cryptographically signed JAR files.
- To check if a weak algorithm or key was used to sign a JAR file, one can use the jarsigner binary that ships with this JDK. Running "jarsigner -verify" on a JAR file signed with a weak algorithm or key will print more information about the disabled algorithm or key.
New system property to control caching for HTTP SPNEGO connection:
- A new JDK implementation specific system property to control caching for HTTP SPNEGO (Negotiate/Kerberos) connections is introduced. Caching for HTTP SPNEGO connections remains enabled by default, so if the property is not explicitly specified, there will be no behavior change.
- When connecting to an HTTP server that uses SPNEGO to negotiate authentication, and when connection and authentication with the server is successful, the authentication information will then be cached and reused for further connections to the same server. In addition, connecting to an HTTP server using SPNEGO usually involves keeping the underlying connection alive and reusing it for further requests to the same server. In some applications, it may be desirable to disable all caching for the HTTP SPNEGO (Negotiate/Kerberos) protocol in order to force requesting new authentication with each new request to the server.
With this change, we now provide a new system property that allows control of the caching policy for HTTP SPNEGO connections. If jdk.spnego.cache is defined and evaluates to false, then all caching will be disabled for HTTP SPNEGO connections. Setting this system property to false may, however, result in undesirable side effects:
- Performance of HTTP SPNEGO connections may be severely impacted as the connection will need to be re-authenticated with each new request, requiring several communication exchanges with the server.
- Credentials will need to be obtained again for each new request, which, depending on whether transparent authentication is available or not, and depending on the global Authenticator implementation, may result in a popup asking the user for credentials for every new request.
New system property to control caching for HTTP NTLM connection:
- A new JDK implementation specific system property to control caching for HTTP NTLM connection is introduced. Caching for HTTP NTLM connection remains enabled by default, so if the property is not explicitly specified, there will be no behavior change
- On some platforms, the HTTP NTLM implementation in the JDK can support transparent authentication, where the system user credentials are used at system level. When transparent authentication is not available or unsuccessful, the JDK only supports getting credentials from a global authenticator. If connection to the server is successful, the authentication information will then be cached and reused for further connections to the same server. In addition, connecting to an HTTP NTLM server usually involves keeping the underlying connection alive and reusing it for further requests to the same server. In some applications, it may be desirable to disable all caching for the HTTP NTLM protocol in order to force requesting new authentication with each new requests to the server
With this change, we now provide a new system property that allows control of the caching policy for HTTP NTLM connections. If jdk.ntlm.cache is defined and evaluates to false, then all caching will be disabled for HTTP NTLM connections. Setting this system property to false may, however, result in undesirable side effects:
- Performance of HTTP NTLM connections may be severely impacted as the connection will need to be re-authenticated with each new request, requiring several communication exchanges with the server
- Credentials will need to be obtained again for each new request, which, depending on whether transparent authentication is available or not, and depending on the global Authenticator implementation, may result in a popup asking the user for credentials for every new request
New version of VisualVM:
- VisualVM 1.3.9 was released on October 4th, 2016 and has been integrated into 8u131
BUG FIXES:
Correction of IllegalArgumentException from TLS handshake:
- A recent issue from the JDK-8173783 fix can cause issue for some TLS servers. The problem originates from an IllegalArgumentException thrown by the TLS handshaker code: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: System property jdk.tls.namedGroups(null) contains no supported elliptic curves. The issue can arise when the server doesn't have elliptic curve cryptography support to handle an elliptic curve name extension field (if present). Users are advised to upgrade to this release. By default, JDK 7 Updates and later JDK families ship with the SunEC security provider which provides elliptic curve cryptography support. Those releases should not be impacted unless security providers are modified
DETAILED BUG FIX LIST:
- JDK-7155957: client‑libs: java.awt: closed/java/awt/MenuBar/MenuBarStress1/MenuBarStress1.java hangs on win 64 bit with jdk8
- JDK-8035568: client‑libs: java.awt: [macosx] Cursor management unification
- JDK-8079595: client‑libs: java.awt: Resizing dialog which is JWindow parent makes JVM crash
- JDK-8169589: client‑libs: java.awt: [macosx] Activating a JDialog puts to back another dialog
- JDK-8147842: client‑libs: javax.swing: IME Composition Window is displayed at incorrect location
- JDK-7167293: core‑libs: java.net: FtpURLConnection connection leak on FileNotFoundException
- JDK-8169465: core‑libs: javax.naming: Deadlock in com.sun.jndi.ldap.pool.Connections
- JDK-8133045: deploy: deployment_toolkit: java.lang.SecurityException: Failed to extract baseline.versions error
- JDK-8028538: deploy: webstart: Fedora Linux issue with jnlp‑servlet.jar demo source code license
- JDK-8170646: deploy: webstart: JNLP fails to get loaded with old javaws when multiple jres (jre9 and jre8u111) installed
- JDK-8075196: docs: guides: CosNaming's implementation doesn't comply with the specification
- JDK-8161147: hotspot: compiler: jvm crashes when ‑XX:+UseCountedLoopSafepoints is enabled
- JDK-8161993: hotspot: gc: G1 crashes if active_processor_count changes during startup
- JDK-8147910: hotspot: runtime: Cache initial active_processor_count
- JDK-8150490: hotspot: runtime: Update OS detection code to recognize Windows Server 2016
- JDK-8170888: hotspot: runtime: [linux] Experimental support for cgroup memory limits in container (ie Docker) environments
- JDK-8166208: hotspot: svc: FlightRecorderOptions settings for defaultrecording ignored.
- JDK-8161945: install: install: REGRESSION: 8u91 update of 32 bit JRE removes preferences of the 64 bit JRE
- JDK-8172932: install: install: JRE installation fails with 1603 on Windows 10 with enabled Deviceguard
- JDK-8089915: javafx: web: Input of type file doesn't honor "accept" attribute.
- JDK-8090216: javafx: web: HTMLEditor: font bold doesn't work when an indent is set
- JDK-8144263: javafx: web: [WebView, OS X] Webkit rendering artifacts with inertia scrolling
- JDK-8150982: javafx: web: Crash when calling WebEngine.print on background thread
- JDK-8164314: javafx: web: [WebView] Debug build is no longer working after JDK‑8089681
- JDK-8165098: javafx: web: WebEngine.print will attempt to print even if the printer job is complete or has an error
- JDK-8165173: javafx: web: canvas/philip/tests/2d.path.clip.empty.html fails with 8u112
- JDK-8165508: javafx: web: Incorrect Bug ID in comment for JDK-8164076
- JDK-8166231: javafx: web: use @Native annotation in web classes
- JDK-8166677: javafx: web: HTMLEditor freezes after restoring previously maximized window
- JDK-8166775: javafx: web: Audio slider works incorrectly for short files
- JDK-8166999: javafx: web: Update to newer version of WebKit
- JDK-8167098: javafx: web: Backport of JDK‑8158926 to JDK 8u mistakenly used preliminary patch
- JDK-8167100: javafx: web: Minor source diffs introduced in backports of JDK-8160837 and JDK-8163582
- JDK-8167675: javafx: web: Animated gifs are not working
- JDK-8169204: javafx: web: Need to document JSObject Call and setSlot APIs to use weak references
- JDK-8170585: javafx: web: Fix PlatformContextJava type leaking to GraphicsContext
- JDK-8170938: javafx: web: Memory leak in JavaFX WebView
- JDK-8173783: security‑libs: javax.net.ssl: IllegalArgumentException: jdk.tls.namedGroups
- JDK-6474807: security‑libs: javax.smartcardio: (smartcardio) CardTerminal.connect() throws CardException instead of CardNotPresentException
- JDK-8168774: tools: javac: Polymorhic signature method check crashes javac
- JDK-8167485: tools: visualvm: Integrate new version of Java VisualVM based on VisualVM 1.3.9 into JDK
- JDK-8167179: xml: jaxp: Make XSL generated namespace prefixes local to transformation process