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密碼多到記不住?KeePass 免費開源密碼管理器能做什麼

KeePass Password Safe 軟體圖示 KeePass Password Safe 1.11 資料更新 2008-04-13 閱讀約 6 分鐘

你手上至少有十幾個帳號:Windows 登入、Email、網站會員、FTP、論壇……每個都要密碼,而且最好都不一樣。以前偷懶用同一組,結果某個論壇被駭,連 Email 都被登入,才發現事情大條。現在想好好整理,卻不知道從哪裡開始——用瀏覽器記住密碼是方便,但換電腦、換瀏覽器就全部不見,而且瀏覽器本身也不夠安全。

一般人最常做的就是把密碼寫在記事本或 Excel 裡,但這等於把鑰匙放在門口地墊下。密碼管理器的切入點很簡單:你只需要記住一組主密碼,其他所有密碼都鎖在一個加密的資料庫裡,要用時再解鎖。KeePass 就是這個領域的老牌開源工具,從 2005 年開發到現在,靠的是社群信任和可審查的原始碼,而不是華麗的介面。

KeePass Password Safe 操作介面
KeePass Password Safe 的操作介面

01KeePass 是什麼?跟一般記密碼的軟體有什麼不同?

KeePass 是一套開源密碼管理器,把所有的帳號密碼集中存放在一個加密資料庫裡,用一組主密碼或金鑰檔案解鎖。跟瀏覽器內建記密碼功能不同,它的資料庫是用 AES 和 Twofish 加密,而且原始碼公開,任何人都可以檢查加密有沒有實作正確。免費、無廣告,也不需要註冊帳號。

02密碼存在哪裡?會不會被偷?

所有密碼存在一個以主密碼或金鑰檔案鎖住的資料庫檔案裡,檔案本身用 AES 和 Twofish 加密。沒有主密碼或金鑰檔案,就無法開啟內容。你可以把這個檔案放在自己的隨身碟、NAS 或雲端硬碟,但 KeePass 本身沒有內建雲端同步,傳輸和備份的責任在自己身上。

03可以帶著走嗎?還是只能裝在電腦上?

有提供免安裝的便攜版,放在隨身碟裡直接執行,不需要安裝。資料庫檔案也可以跟著隨身碟走,換一台電腦就能用。不過要注意,便攜版需要目標電腦有安裝 .NET Framework 4.7 以上版本,而且介面是英文的。

KeePass Password Safe 介面畫面 2
KeePass Password Safe 介面畫面

04可以從別的密碼軟體匯入資料嗎?

可以。KeePass 支援從多種格式匯入,也支援匯出成 TXT、HTML、XML 和 CSV。如果你原本用 Excel 或 CSV 記密碼,可以先整理成 CSV 再匯入。匯出功能也可以用來備份或轉移到其他軟體,但匯出後的檔案是明文,要小心存放。

05自動輸入密碼是怎麼運作的?

內建 Auto-Type 功能,可以設定讓 KeePass 自動幫你輸入使用者名稱和密碼。它會模擬鍵盤輸入,所以不需要複製貼上,避免密碼留在剪貼簿裡。也可以設定全域快速鍵,在任何視窗按下快捷鍵就自動填入。但這功能在部分網站或應用程式上可能因為輸入框設計不同而失效,需要自己調整設定。

06適合什麼樣的人用?

適合願意花時間自己管理資料庫的人。KeePass 的運作方式是把所有責任交給你:主密碼自己記、資料庫自己備份、同步自己處理。如果你習慣把東西掌握在自己手裡,不喜歡雲端服務,也不介意英文介面,那它很夠用。它也適合需要管理大量帳號的 IT 人員,可以用群組分類和自訂欄位。

KeePass Password Safe 介面畫面 3
KeePass Password Safe 介面畫面

07跟瀏覽器內建的密碼管理比起來,有什麼差別?

瀏覽器內建功能方便,但綁定特定瀏覽器,換瀏覽器或重灌電腦就麻煩。KeePass 的資料庫是獨立檔案,不受瀏覽器限制,而且加密強度更高。但相對的,KeePass 沒有自動填表單的功能,需要靠 Auto-Type 或手動複製貼上,使用上沒有瀏覽器那麼順手。

08手機上能用嗎?

官方沒有提供手機版。資料庫檔案格式是公開的,市面上有第三方 App 可以開啟 KeePass 資料庫,但那些 App 不是官方出品,相容性和安全性需要自行確認。如果你主要用手機記密碼,KeePass 可能不是最方便的選擇。

09需要雲端同步嗎?KeePass 有內建嗎?

KeePass 沒有內建雲端備份或同步功能。如果你要把資料庫放在 Dropbox、Google Drive 之類的地方,需要自己設定,而且每次修改後要手動上傳。如果多台電腦要同步,也要自己處理檔案衝突的問題。不想自己管理同步的人,用起來會覺得很麻煩。

KeePass Password Safe 介面畫面 4
KeePass Password Safe 介面畫面

10介面只有英文,看不懂怎麼辦?

介面語系只有英文,沒有官方中文。不過 KeePass 支援多國語言套件,可以另外下載中文語言檔,但需要自己安裝設定。如果連安裝語言檔都覺得困難,或希望介面預設就是中文,那這套軟體對你來說門檻會比較高。

11跟其他密碼管理器比起來,為什麼評分人數不多?

在收錄的比較名單中,KeePass 有 98 人評分,RoboForm 有 117 人,Kaspersky Password Manager 有 77 人。評分人數少不代表不好,但表示使用者的基數相對小。KeePass 的介面停留在早期風格,沒有現代密碼管理器常見的自動填表、雲端同步、行動裝置 App,這些都是它評分人數不多的可能原因。

12什麼樣的人不建議用 KeePass?

如果你需要手機和電腦之間無縫同步、想要自動填寫網頁表單、或希望介面是中文且現代化,那 KeePass 會讓你花很多時間在設定和維護上。它沒有官方手機版、沒有內建雲端同步、介面老舊且只有英文。這些需求可以考慮其他有持續更新、介面較現代的密碼管理器,但那些通常是付費或訂閱制。

下載與官方連結

前往官方網站 下載 KeePass Password Safe

KeePass-1.11-Setup.exe · 1.3 MB · 連結指向軟體原廠

版本紀錄

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看完整版本清單

這一版改了什麼

What's new in this version:

- Master key transformations (rounds) are now computed in two
threads; on dual/multi core processors this results in almost
twice the performance as before (by doubling the amount of
rounds you'll get the same waiting time as in 1.10, but the
protection against dictionary and guessing attack is doubled)
- On Windows Vista, some of the message boxes are now displayed
as modern task dialogs
- Database files are now verified (read and hashed) after
writing them to disk (in order to prevent data loss caused by
damaged/broken devices and/or file systems)
- When saving databases to removable media, KeePass now tries
to lock and unlock the volume, which effectively flushes all
system caches related to this drive (this prevents data loss
caused by removing USB sticks without correctly unmounting in
Windows first; but it only works when no other program is
using the drive)
- Improved database file writing algorithm (small block writes
and explicit flushing)
- The system's INI cache is now flushed before copying the
temporary global INI file to the application directory
(improves Windows 95 / 98 / ME compatibility)
- Added placeholders for referencing fields of other entries
(dereferenced when starting URLs and performing auto-type,
see the auto-type placeholders documentation)
- Added natural sorting (when sorting the entry list, KeePass
now performs a human-like comparison instead of a simple
lexicographical one; this sorts entries with numbers more
logically; only supported with ShlWApi/IE 6.0.2800)
- Added pattern placeholder 's' to generate special characters
of the printable 7-bit ASCII character set
- KeePass now locks when the system is suspending (if the
option for locking on locking Windows or switching user is
enabled)
- Added a 'Tools' button menu in the entry editing dialog
- Tools button menu: Added command to select an application for
the URL field (will be prefixed with cmd://)
- Tools button menu: Added command to select a document for the
URL field (will be prefixed with cmd://)
- Tools button menu: Added command to insert a placeholder into
the URL field
- Tools button menu: Added command to select an auto-type
target window (a dialog will be opened, in which you can
select an existing currently-opened window; an appropriate
auto-type definition will be added in the notes field)
- Several entry context menu commands are now only enabled if
applicable (if the user name field of an entry is empty, the
'Copy User Name' command is disabled, etc.)
- A " - Copy" suffix is now appended to duplicated entries
- After duplicating entries, the new entries are selected
- Added ability to sort entries based on UUIDs
- Added advanced option to focus the entry list after a
successful quick search (toolbar; disabled by default)
- Added support for large translation/language files
- Added option to always allow full access through remote
control (disabled by default, and marked with "not
recommended")
- Added radio buttons for removing the expiry time from
entries in the mass-modify dialog
- Added generic Wiki and '$' client icons
- Added certificate and mobile phone client icons (thanks to
oppitronic)
- Added ability to specify the minimum length and minimum
estimated quality that master passwords must have (see help
file -> Features -> Composite Master Key; for admins)
- Added interface for writing master password requirements
validation plugins (see the KPM_VALIDATE_MASTERPASSWORD
message)
- Added interface for writing entry validation plugins (see the
KPM_VALIDATE_ENTRY message)
- Added interface for writing generated passwords validation
plugins (see the KPM_VALIDATE_GENPASSWORD message)
- Added plugin interface for storing custom data in KeePass KDB
databases (for example some history, logging, ...)
- Plugins can now execute auto-type (KPC_AUTOTYPE)
- Added ability to specify a window title suffix in the INI
file (KeeWindowTitleSuffix)
- Added more simple and robust plugin interface for editing and
deleting entries
- The dialog banner text color can be changed in the INI file
now (KeeBannerColorText, set to BGR-Quad)
- The gradient direction in dialog banners can now be specified
in the INI file (KeeBannerFlip)
- In mini mode, no passwords are generated automatically for
new entries
- In mini mode, clicking the 'Generate Password' button in the
entry window immediately generates a new password based on
the automatic generation profile, instead of showing the
password generator dialog
- In mini mode, the URL field is replaced by a combo box, in
which you can select one of the plugin-provided user
applications (KPM_USERAPP_GETFIRST and KPM_USERAPP_GETNEXT)

- If natural sorting is supported, TANs are not prefixed with
zeros anymore
- Removed 'Loading error' message that appeared when checking
for an update and a new version is available
- TAN indices are now stored in the user name field (the notes
field can therefore be used now for storing confirmation
messages and/or transaction details)
- "User Name" is now translated correctly in TXT exports
- On Windows XP and higher, dialog banners now have black
background gradients by default
- Improved list view item focusing
- Icon of the 'Generate Password' button in the entry editing
dialog is now always visible
- Passwords generated by the automatic generation profile can
now be accepted
- The help can now consistently be accessed through buttons in
the lower left of dialogs
- Improved apple icon (inverted colors)
- Improved group tree redrawing when closing a database
- Correct times are assigned to incoming entries through RC
- Improved placeholder replacement engine for URLs and auto-
type (prevents infinite recursion)
- Multiple files can now be selected in the import file dialog
(except KDB format)
- Import file dialogs do not change the working directory
anymore
- In the mass-modify dialog the expiry time now defaults to the
current local time instead of the 'never expires' time
- Upgraded to Boost libraries version 1.34.1
- Minor UI improvements (improved error messages, ...)
- Minor other improvements

- Fixed randomly appearing bug in TAN numbering routine
- Fixed random failure of local date/time formatting routine