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Krita 免費繪圖軟體,能取代 Photoshop 嗎

Krita (64-bit) 軟體圖示 Krita (64-bit) 4.4.0 (64-bit) 資料更新 2020-10-13 閱讀約 8 分鐘

許多人想開始學電繪,或偶爾需要畫個插圖、修個圖,打開電腦卻發現 Photoshop 訂閱制一年要繳好幾千塊,對只是偶爾畫畫的人來說實在負擔不小。於是開始找免費替代品,但免費軟體百百種,有的功能太陽春、有的介面全是英文看不懂、有的裝了卻一直當機,最後還是默默回去用試用版或盜版,問題根本沒解決。

一般人遇到這種狀況,第一個念頭是找「免費的 Photoshop」,但免費繪圖軟體通常分成兩種:一種是功能精簡到連圖層都搞不清楚,另一種是功能很強但介面複雜到不知道從哪裡開始。而且很多免費軟體只支援 Windows 或 Mac 其中一邊,換個裝置就要重新適應。這類工具的切入點不是「免費」而已,而是它能不能提供接近專業軟體的工作流程——像是圖層管理、筆刷控制、色彩管理這些基本功,同時又不會讓新手一打開就放棄。

01Krita 到底是什麼?跟一般小畫家那種軟體有什麼不同?

Krita 是一套開放原始碼的數位繪圖與插畫軟體,由 KDE 社群開發,主要針對藝術家、插畫家和概念設計師設計。它跟小畫家最大的差異在於具備完整的圖層系統、多種筆刷引擎、色彩管理、動畫時間軸等功能,是為了專業繪圖工作流程打造的,不是單純的塗鴉工具。官方說明指出它同時支援入門和專業使用者。

02它能不能開 Photoshop 的 PSD 檔?我有一堆 .psd 檔案要處理。

可以。官方資料顯示 Krita 支援開啟和儲存 .psd 檔案,但要注意的是,某些複雜的圖層效果或特殊混合模式可能無法完美轉換,這點官方有明確提醒。如果你的 PSD 檔案裡有大量 Photoshop 專屬的智慧型物件或特殊濾鏡,轉換後可能需要手動調整。建議先拿幾個重要的檔案測試看看,確認相容性符合需求再大量轉移。

03這套軟體有動畫功能嗎?我想做簡單的 2D 逐格動畫。

有。Krita 內建時間軸和洋蔥皮(onion-skinning)功能,可以製作 2D 逐格動畫。官方說明提到,在 5.2 版本中動畫功能有明顯強化,包含音訊與畫面的同步播放(採用 MLT 框架),以及整合 FFmpeg 簡化影片匯出流程。也就是說,你可以在 Krita 裡畫好每一幀,然後直接匯出成影片,不需要另外安裝其他工具。

04它的筆刷功能夠專業嗎?我習慣用 Photoshop 的筆刷,怕換軟體手感差很多。

Krita 的筆刷系統相當完整,官方資料顯示它支援多種動態筆刷引擎,包括像素、塗抹、紋理,甚至還有專門的剖面線(Hatching)和圖案(Pattern)引擎。每個筆刷都可以深度自訂參數,而且支援筆壓感應。如果你原本用 Photoshop,可能需要一段時間適應介面配置,但筆刷的細緻度和可調整性不會是問題。

05我想在平板上畫圖,Krita 有支援嗎?

官方資料顯示 Krita 支援 Windows、macOS、Linux,也支援 Android 平板。不過要注意的是,官方特別提到 Android 版本在影片匯出功能上有例外限制,FFmpeg 整合功能在 Android 上無法使用。如果你主要是在 Android 平板上創作,建議先確認你需要的功能在該平台是否完整支援,再決定是否當作主要工具。

06這套軟體適合完全沒畫過圖的新手嗎?還是只適合專業人士?

官方說明指出 Krita 同時滿足初學者和專業人士的需求。它的介面可以高度自訂,有彈出式調色盤和筆刷預設集,方便快速取用常用工具,對新手來說門檻不算太高。不過,它的介面預設是英文,而且功能眾多,完全沒有繪圖軟體概念的人可能需要花時間看教學或說明文件。如果你完全沒用過任何繪圖軟體,建議先從官方網站或影音平台找基礎教學。

07它跟 Photoshop 比起來,主要輸在哪裡?我想知道實際差異。

從官方資料來看,Krita 在繪圖和插畫功能上相當完整,但 Photoshop 的用戶評分人數高達 9575 人,而 Krita 只有 201 人,這反映市場上 Photoshop 的使用者基數遠大得多。在生態系方面,Photoshop 有龐大的外掛、教學資源和業界標準地位,而 Krita 雖然支援 Python 腳本和外掛,但資源相對少。另外,PSD 檔案在某些複雜效果上無法完美轉換,這對需要與其他設計師協作的人來說可能是關鍵考量。

08我主要是拿來修照片、調色,不是畫插圖,這套軟體適合嗎?

Krita 的核心功能是繪圖和插畫,雖然它也具備色彩管理、圖層遮罩等基本編輯能力,但官方說明中沒有特別強調照片修圖功能,像是液化、內容感知填滿、HDR 合併這類 Photoshop 的強項在 Krita 中並未提及。如果你的主要需求是照片修圖,而不是數位繪畫,可能需要考慮其他更專門的工具,例如 Paint.NET(316 人評分)或直接使用 Photoshop 的替代方案。

09這套軟體是免費的嗎?有沒有隱藏收費或功能限制?

官方 FAQ 明確表示 Krita 完全免費且開放原始碼,採用 GNU General Public License (GPL) 授權,也就是說你可以自由使用、修改和散佈。沒有隱藏收費,也沒有功能限制。不過要注意的是,官方網站有提供捐贈選項,但那是自願性質,不影響軟體功能。另外,它支援外掛和擴充功能,這些資源有些是免費的,有些可能需要付費購買,但軟體本身沒有內購機制。

10它的介面只有英文嗎?我看不懂英文會不會很難用?

根據提供的資料,Krita 的介面語系是 English,沒有提到支援繁體中文。對不熟悉英文的人來說,這確實是個門檻,因為繪圖軟體有很多專業術語,例如「圖層遮罩」「混合模式」「色彩設定檔」等。不過,Krita 的介面是可以高度自訂的,你可以調整面板配置、建立自己的快捷鍵,減少需要閱讀英文的頻率。如果英文程度有限,建議先看中文教學影片,了解功能位置後再操作。

11我的電腦是 Windows 8,可以安裝嗎?還是需要升級?

官方資料顯示 Krita 支援 Windows 8 (64-bit)、Windows 10 (64-bit) 和 Windows 11。如果你的電腦是 Windows 8 的 64 位元版本,可以安裝。不過要注意的是,Windows 8 已經停止主流支援,而且 Krita 近 12 個月更新了 9 次,新版本可能逐漸提高系統需求。建議安裝前先確認你的電腦硬體規格,並到官方網站查看最新版本的系統需求說明。

12這套軟體跟 ArtRage 或 Autodesk SketchBook 比起來,哪個比較多人用?

從評分人數來看,Krita 有 201 人評分,ArtRage 只有 33 人,Autodesk SketchBook 有 549 人。SketchBook 的評分人數最多,但要注意 Autodesk 已經停止開發 SketchBook,而 Krita 仍持續更新(近 24 個月更新 14 次)。如果你在意軟體的長期維護和功能演進,Krita 的開發活躍度是明顯的優勢。但如果你需要的是特定功能,建議直接下載試用,實際操作看看哪個符合你的工作流程。

下載與官方連結

前往官方網站 下載 Krita (64-bit)

krita-x64-4.4.0-setup.exe · 116.25 MB · 連結指向軟體原廠

版本紀錄

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看完整版本清單

這一版改了什麼

What's new in this version:

Bugfixes:
- Fix undo breakage after converting a pixel selecion into a vector one
- Add a workaround for boolean operations on shapes
- Fix Move Tool to work correctly with Instant Preview
- Add antialias to the gradients in the cases they showed jagged borders
- Make the color labels combobox nicer in Tool Options
- Fix layer’s bounds extending when painting outside the selected area
- Disable doing bitBlt outside extent when alpha channel is locked
- Fix moving local selection mask created from global selection
- Fix the _other_ place where the lorem text was used
- Bugfix: Recent documents don’t open
- Fix resource icon aspect ratio on 1 column display
- Fix artifacts when moving a layer with layer styles
- Fix leftover artifacts when moving shapes under layer styles
- Let Select Opaque deselect the selection when the layer is empty
- Fix converting multile shapes into a vector selection
- Don’t start move-selection stroke if selection is empty
- Fix move-selection action after using locked-alpha painting
- Fix conversion of masks into a paint layer
- Recover active node when the user toggles “Edit Global Selection”
- Created a shader for drawing brush tool outline
- Fixed OpenGL canvas rendering for High-DPI displays
- Make Angle preferred renderer on Windows
- Remove old workaround for popup palette hiding
- Add context to the “Original” label
- Fix the plugins/tool action files
- Fix loading ASL gradients with only one stop
- Fix updates of masks when changing visibility
- Fix Liquify Transform to avoid changing the image when no transform done
- Fix jumping of shapes when Orthogonal Snap is enabled
- Fixes the problem of calculating threshold of flood fill tools
- Fix applying invert filter on transparency masks
- Make Smart Patch Tool consider active selection
- Lens blur: Map between translated and untranslated strings in filter config
- Fix “Shrink from image border” wrapping
- Fix border selection to generate non-fuzzy edges
- Fix Screen Fetch Logic Crash in KoToolBox that was triggered by vertical monitors
- Parent the resource manager window
- Fix KoZoomTool on rotated and mirrored canvas
- Fix canvas FBO object to work ocrrectly in fractional display scaling mode (qt 5.14.0)
- Fix handling of Control modifier in the Zoom Tool
- Fix the aspect ration of the gradient selector popup
- No need to abort when this assert fails
- Remove the jpef/jfif mime subtype
- Fix exporting ORA files
- Add a small executable to print the version
- Save and load assistant side handles in .kra and .paintingassistant files
- Add a warning label in file layer dialog
- Show floating message of activated preset in Ten Brushes
- Disambiguate the filter categories
- Fill layers: Keep the config around when switching generators
- Fix contiguous selection tool working on projection
- Fix ffmpeg argument construct for GIF save
- Update the waterc brushes so they work with mice, too
- Fix use-after-free in the resource server
- Fix cloning of a stroke layers style with “center” position
- Fix crash when using Fill Tool without a selection
- Add cancellation of assistant creation with escape
- Fix destination atop rendering
- Add a workaround for too big brushes generated by Masking Brush option
- Fix saving broken .ora file in case of empty layer
- Don’t save x and y of groups in .ora files
- Don’t save reference images in .ora files
- Allow shift snapping when placing and dragging assistant handles
- Don’t hide global assistant color when no assistant is selected
- Fix broken shortcuts when user uses Space key as a modifier
- Fix Crash on Frame Priority Caching when Graphics Acceleration is Disabled
- Fix the aspect ratio of the palette chooser
- Fix crash on curve adjustment filter in CMYK document
- Snap: Fix file chooser icons. Add jpeg 2000, gif, raw, TIFF, HEIF
- Make assistant guidelines follow brush during stroke
- Fixup: Canvas No Longer Soft-Locks When Changing Graphics Acceleration Setting
- Fix deform brush slowly turning the canvas transparent
- Add missing header QList
- Fix painting with colorsmudge brush when a selection is active
- Fix KRA Saving Failure When Audio File is Missing
- Fix Rendering Fail on First Render After Switching to video/ogg Container Type
- Fix Loading Group Node Opacity Keyframes
- Some “Render Animation” dialog settings init to document settings
- Fix: Properly Maintain Selection of Keyframes When Inserting / Removing Hold Frames
- Fix canvas crashing on closing when having more than one document open
- Fix Overview Docker resetting Instant Preview caches
- Fix layer index generation algorithm
- Fix update of file layers created via “Convert to” menu
- Fix canvas freeze on closing the second document in Angle mode
- Correctly flush cache after layer > resize operations
- Fix z-order saving for reference images
- Fix setting z-index for reference images when loading or adding to a document
- Add signal compressor in the reference image tool to prevent freezes
- Fix skipping over fake nodes for composition visibility
- Elide very long brush names
- Enable antialiasing properly for rectangle select
- Fix “Fill Entire Selection” action not to multiply opacity twice
- Remove the version number from the caption
- Fix loading colorize masks with custom profiles
- Fix first redo() after paint device color space conversion
- Fix ellipsis sign in some user actions
- Fix halos around strokes in “Inherit Alpha” layers with transparency
- Fix Local Selection being collapsed right after addition
- Fix extra frames not being added for hidden animation layers
- Fix scaling of file layers with transparent background (May change old files)
- Fix the color label of the layers when doing merge-down
- Fix artifacts when using Move Tool in WrapAround mode
- Fix painting with colorsmudge brush on a alpha-locked layer
- Fix shotcut conflict in “Protoshop Compatible” profile
- Fix setting a proper color profile in RAW import plugin
- Fix flatten/merge down/merge multiple action handle locked groups correctly
- Remove global/document import question for palettes.
- Align quickbrush dabs to outline
- New shortcut: Resize brush in full pixel increments
- Fix actions not to modify locked layers
- Fix drop indicator rendering for the layers
- Fix jumps in composite op combobox when using mouse wheel or keyboard
- Fix color space when saving EXR with Gray channels
- Fix temporary wrongly selected layer when merging down huge layers
- Try once more to fix the window captions
- Fix update of layers with Destination Atop blendign mode
- Limit the size of the warning icon in the Blending Mode combobox
- Fix layers docker not updating blendmode availability on image cs change
- Fix errorneously set background color in EXR loading code
- Switch radio buttons to combobox to reduce the size of the predefined brushes
- Fix crash on particular LCMS profiles
- Fix selecting a font in the font combobox by being less agressive in activating slots
- Fix convertions of font-weight between qt and svg
- Add reload preset button to brush HUD in popup palette
- Add a warning message when changing profile of a multilayered image
- Fix a bug in KisConvolutionWorkerFFTW
- Make LCMS init() crash-proof
- `pixelDataAtTime` Implementation Correction
- Don’t let transform tool use non-affine transforms on vector layers
- Add * to the tab caption for modified documents
- Make Opacity/BlendingMode/InheritAlpha changes compressible
- Fix updates when changing visibility of a layer
- Fix bug with brushes that can’t find brushtip
- Select last reference image whenever adding a reference image
- Fix saving/loading colorized masks after cropping them
- Fix duplication of default tags
- Fix loading visibility of colorize masks
- Fix crash when trying to export Transform Mask
- Fix artifacts when using Masking Brush in Subtract mode in FP color space
- Fix comma at the end of “Blur,” filter category
- Fix artifacts when doing Split Alpha after Gaussian Blur filter
- Make “Use Selection As Boundary” create new selection when clicking outside selection
- Fix Divide, Vivid Light and Parallel blending modes handle negative layer colors
- Show shortcuts in native format where applicable
- Link to krita-artists.org instead of the forum
- Fix WinTab protocol handling on convertible Yoga C940
- Fix initialization of WinInk if wintab.dll is not found
- Fix switching Krita settings to WinInk when the driver doesn’t support WinTab
- Frame Drag and Drop No Longer Accepted on Uneditable Layers
- Frame Drag and Drop Default Pixel Correction
- Fix crash when D&D a reference image as an external URL
- Fix blending mode shortcuts when using non-English locale
- Reenable Next/Prev Blendign Mode shortcuts
- Fix full-pressure blobs when using floating dockers
- Add Up/Down buttons to compositions docker
- Fix small images and pixel art in Overview docker
- Fix Image->Convert Color Space for layers with a different color space
- Fix bad rendering of text shapes
- Fix jumping when editing vector path
- Fix crash when redoing creation of a colorize mask
- Fix erratic assert in ToolTransformArgs
- Add a translators tab to the aboutbox
- Fix crash after pasting a shape layer into a different document
- Fix crash in ColorSmudge paintop with animated GIH brushes
- Fix a crash when recoverng the assistants via snapshots
- Fix font options after clearing the rich text editor
- Refactor a logic that enables FBO rendering for the brush outline
- Fix brush outline rendering on openGL 3.0
- Fix partial updates in Reference Images tool
- Fix rendering (bounding box) of fancy fonts
- Fix text marked modified when Text Editor is opened
- Fix several python API functions to be synchronous
- Fix mapping of Alt key on Windows
- Add diagonal lines to MyPaint Shade Selector
- Fix crash when loading a file with reference images
- Fix lightness strength option for smudge engine
- Fix Cutoff Pattern option
- Android: Vector/references don’t get rendered
- Fix updates of color picker’s preview
- Also copy the other two .lnk files for Krita animation and Krita minimal, these are shortcuts that will open up Krita in a specific workspace
- Fix crash when undoing Rectangle Selection and doing redo after
- Fix a crash when moving local selection mask
- Fix shortcut for Polygonal Selection Tool
- Fix update of color preview in MyPaint Color Selector on mouse click
- SeExpr: assert isDirty on the correct preset instance
- Fix snapping decorations in Create Path Tool
- Android: Use Storage Access Framework for all file operations
- Android: show recent files on Welcome widget
- Android: Fix problem with loading/saving file layer
- Android: Fix saving for files with no extension
- Android: Fix saving with selections
- Android: Fix saving usage logging
- Do not install Krita 3 bundle on android so the apk is small enough
- Fix missing translated menu entries by letting Krita recognise the context properly
- Fix pop-up palette not showing brushes on Android
- Fix incorrect conversion in artistic color selector for HSL mode
- Android: fix move tool not moving the layer
- Android: fix opening autosave files
- Fix a crash caused by multithreading
- Fix textured mode for patterns with transparency
- Fix pasting as reference image on Android
- Fix second color preview in MyPaint shade selector
- Android: activate kinetic scrolling by default
- Fix canvas updates in wraparound mode
- Fix link to Krita artists
- Fix memory leak
- Fix crash caused by pasting as reference image when there was no clipboard data
- Fix finding quazip