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MySQL Workbench 能幫你管好 MySQL 資料庫嗎

MySQL Workbench (32-bit) 軟體圖示 MySQL Workbench (32-bit) 6.3.8 (32-bit) 資料更新 2016-10-21 閱讀約 6 分鐘

打開終端機,面對一片黑底白字的命令列,想查個資料表結構卻要先背一串指令。你只是想把 MySQL 裡的資料撈出來看,或調整某個欄位的型態,卻得在網路上翻找指令範本,複製貼上後還要祈禱不要打錯字。這種時候,你會想要一個視覺化的介面,用滑鼠點一點就能完成大部分操作。

用文字指令管理資料庫不是不行,但對不常下指令的人來說,每次都要重新查語法、擔心打錯字影響正式資料,實在很耗費心力。圖形化工具把常用的資料庫操作變成按鈕和表單,讓你可以直接看到資料庫結構、編輯查詢內容、管理使用者權限,不需要把指令背得滾瓜爛熟。這類工具切入的正是「看得見、點得到」的需求,把資料庫管理從打字變成操作介面。

01MySQL Workbench 到底能做什麼?

它是一套 MySQL 的圖形化管理工具,涵蓋資料庫設計、SQL 開發、伺服器管理和效能監控。你可以用它建立 ER 圖、設計資料表結構、編寫與執行 SQL 查詢、管理使用者權限、設定伺服器參數,也能把其他資料庫的資料遷移到 MySQL。官方說明指出它提供三大面板:左側的 Navigator 列出所有資料庫物件、中間的 SQL 編輯器負責寫查詢、下方 Results Grid 顯示查詢結果。

02這套軟體可以畫 ER 圖嗎?

可以。它提供資料庫建模功能,能建立和修改 ER 圖,也支援正向與反向工程。也就是說,你可以先畫出實體關係圖,再產生 SQL 腳本建立實際的資料表;反過來,也可以從現有資料庫反向產生 ER 圖,方便理解目前的資料結構。這對需要文件化資料庫設計的人來說很實用。

03寫 SQL 查詢的時候,它有輔助功能嗎?

有。SQL 編輯器提供語法高亮和自動完成功能,輸入關鍵字或欄位名稱時會跳出建議,降低打錯字的機會。查詢結果會以表格形式呈現在 Results Grid,也可以匯出成報表。如果你需要反覆執行同一類查詢,把常用語法存成檔案或片段,之後叫出來改一改就能用。

04它能管理使用者權限嗎?

可以。在 Administration 分頁裡可以設定使用者角色和權限,例如建立新帳號、指定某個帳號只能讀取特定資料表、或賦予管理員權限。這對多人協作的專案來說很重要,可以避免每個人都有最高權限,減少誤刪或誤改資料的風險。

05這套軟體有內建效能監控工具嗎?

有。它提供效能分析工具,可以查看查詢執行計畫、分析慢查詢、調整 SQL 語法。官方說明提到 Query Analyzer 和 Performance Schema 工具可以用來分析與最佳化查詢效能。如果你發現某個查詢跑很久,可以用這些工具找出瓶頸在哪裡。

06新手適合用這套軟體嗎?

官方說明特別提到,介面功能很多,初學者可能會覺得複雜。如果你完全沒碰過資料庫,建議先從簡單的建立資料庫、寫基本 SELECT 查詢開始,不要急著碰管理功能。它的免費 Community 版包含基本功能,足夠學習使用。但如果你只是偶爾查一筆資料,可能不需要用到這麼完整的工具。

07這套軟體跟 phpMyAdmin 比起來,差在哪?

phpMyAdmin 是網頁介面,MySQL Workbench 是桌面應用程式。phpMyAdmin 在 FileHorse 上有 102 人評分,MySQL Workbench 有 61 人評分,兩者都有一定使用基礎。phpMyAdmin 的好處是不用安裝,開瀏覽器就能用;MySQL Workbench 的好處是介面反應較快,且內建建模和效能分析工具。如果你習慣在瀏覽器裡操作,phpMyAdmin 可能比較順手;如果你需要畫 ER 圖或做效能調校,MySQL Workbench 功能更完整。

08什麼情況不該選這套軟體?

如果你只需要管理非 MySQL 的資料庫,例如 PostgreSQL 或 SQLite,這套軟體幫不上忙,它主要支援 MySQL,其他資料庫只能做遷移用途。另外,如果你的電腦記憶體只有 4GB 或更少,官方建議最低 4GB、最好 8GB 以上,跑起來可能會吃力。還有,介面只有英文,不習慣英文介面的使用者操作起來會比較吃力。

09這套軟體可以連遠端的 MySQL 伺服器嗎?

可以。它支援 SSH 隧道和直接遠端連線,你可以用連線管理員設定本機或遠端的 MySQL 伺服器。設定時需要知道伺服器位址、連線埠、帳號密碼等資訊。如果你要連的伺服器有防火牆限制,可能需要先確認 SSH 或 MySQL 連線埠有開放。

10它可以把其他資料庫的資料搬進 MySQL 嗎?

可以。官方說明指出它支援從 Microsoft SQL Server、PostgreSQL、SQLite 等資料庫遷移到 MySQL。內建資料遷移精靈,可以引導你設定來源和目標,轉換資料表結構和資料。不過實際遷移時,欄位型態和語法差異可能需要手動調整,建議先在測試環境跑一遍。

11這套軟體需要另外安裝 MySQL Server 才能用嗎?

官方安裝說明提到,需要先安裝 MySQL Server,Workbench 才能正常運作。也就是說,它本身只是管理介面,實際的資料庫服務還是要靠 MySQL Server 提供。如果你還沒裝 MySQL Server,要先下載安裝,再透過 Workbench 連線。

12這套軟體有免費版嗎?

有。Community 版是免費的,包含資料庫建模、SQL 開發、管理、效能監控等基本功能。另外有 Commercial 版,屬於 MySQL Enterprise 訂閱的一部分,包含額外功能,但需要付費。如果你只是個人開發或學習用途,免費版通常夠用;需要進階功能再考慮付費方案。

下載與官方連結

前往官方網站 下載 MySQL Workbench (32-bit)

mysql-workbench-community-6.3.8-win32.msi · 連結指向軟體原廠

版本紀錄

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這一版改了什麼

What's new in this version:

MySQL Workbench 6.3.8 (32-bit)
- Change log not available for this version

MySQL Workbench 6.3.7 (32-bit)
Functionality Added or Changed:
- The Default target MySQL version model preference is now an open text field instead of a dropdown select box. For example, rather than choosing a version such as "5.7", you can now enter a specific version such as 5.7.12.

Bugs Fixed:
- A typo was fixed on the Configure Server Management page.
- On OS X, after creating a new model, and new diagram, right-clicking on the empty diagram background would freeze Workbench.
- Executing Data Import/Restore would emit an unhandled exception with Import from Self-Contained File enabled.
- On Linux, the Table Data Export wizard failed to complete the export process.
- The MySQL Enterprise Backup Restore functionality could emit an unhandled exception under some circumstances.
- Editing a remote MySQL options file via the Options File management tool would emit an unhandled exception after clicking Apply.
- Exporting data to JSON was exporting NULL values as NULL instead of null, thus breaking the JSON output.
- Under Users and Privileges, Workbench did not allow hyphens for host names in the "limit to hosts matching" field.
- When viewing the code for an existing view (SQL to create the view), hexadecimal values were truncated.
- Migrating a MySQL source to a MySQL target database would fail for tables that had generated columns, as the target server rejected attempts to insert data into generated columns.
- Selecting "5.7" from Default target MySQL version did not take into account changes to newer versions, as 5.7 behaved like 5.7.0 instead of a newer version. For example, it was not possible to use the JSON data type for variables inside the stored procedure editor as JSON was added in MySQL 5.7.7.
- The Schema filter was slow (poor performance) when a lot (1000+) of schemas were present.
- The database migration wizard database field was described as "Leave blank to select it later" but this text was updated to read as "Cannot be blank" because it is a required field
- The generated SQL generated by the forward engineering wizard would incorrectly output "VIRTUALCOMMENT" instead of "VIRTUAL COMMENT".
- An new option is available to specify a path to the SSH configuration and/or known hosts file. This option overwrites the defaults.
- Workbench's Alter Table functionality did not behave correctly when a column was defined using a TIMESTAMP with fractional seconds, such as TIMESTAMP(1). In this case, some columns would be hidden from the editor.
- Under Reverse Engineering, the information provided in the wild card description to select objects contained a typo.
- After successfully executing the database migration wizard, executing it a second time required Workbench to be restarted.
- When executing Data Export using a remote MySQL connection, the error resulting from a missing mysqldump binary was unclear.
- The PostgreSQL migration wizard could fail to migrate PostgreSQL databases that were generated with tryton.
- The Dashboard and Server Status reported different Select per second values. The Server Status page reported incorrect (inflated by about 3x) values
- The PostgreSQL migration wizard could fail with an "pg_catalog.pg_enum does not exist" error.
- The Workbench interface would incorrectly orient itself to display as Right-To-Left (RTL) when a system's language is set to a RTL language, despite Workbench not being translated to that language.
- Attempting to test custom connection details (a connection not yet created by Workbench) caused Workbench to fail and exit. The Test Connection functionality only functioned for existing or new connections.
- The "Limit to Hosts Matching" field in the user manager would incorrectly report a "Host name contains incorrect characters" error if the host named contained numeric characters.
- Import and export to JSON format failed if the table had column names that were keywords such as key or value.
- The Alter Table functionality did not detect a default value change from no default value to an empty string. In other words, adding a default value of "" resulted in Workbench reporting "No changes detected".
- The DBMS connection keep-alive interval option did not function properly. As a result, Workbench could lose the connection and result in errors similar to "Error Code: 2013. Lost connection to MySQL server during query".
- All generated paths now will use "/" as the directory separator in order to avoid the "s" being interpreted as a space, such as "C:pathtocertsserver-cert.pem" for generated SSL certificates.
- Importing CSV data with from a properly UTF-8 encoded source would sometimes fail, and instead could result with errors such as "'ascii' codec can't encode character u'xcf' at position 29: ordinal not in range(128)".
- With Fabric, Workbench cached the topology information and did not update it when the topology changed, like when switching to a new master.
- Code completion has been further improved to only show relevant details, such as if a table is referenced in the FROM clause then only show columns from that table and not all from the default schema, and entries have been reordered to show columns first (only preceded by keywords).
- Some stored procedure definitions were incorrectly reported as having invalid syntax.
- Executing Alter Stored Procedure with a user lacking SELECT privileges would crash MySQL Workbench
- With the MySQL Firewall plugin enabled, having a user name containing a single quote character (rare, but not illegal) the queries would fail and produce an error in the Users and Privileges area of Workbench. These checks are now properly escaped.
- With the validate_password plugin enabled, when Workbench attempted to check the strength of a new password by sending a query to the server, the password was not properly escaped in this query. In such cases, the password was incorrectly reported as a strong or weak password. The associated "SELECT VALIDATE_PASSWORD_STRENGTH" query is now properly escaped.
- Some internal Workbench queries failed to execute with sql_mode set to ANSI_QUOTES.
- The Total Time field within the Recent Activity grid of the Online Backup / MySQL Enterprise Backup section of Workbench showed an incorrect duration value.
- With MySQL Server 5.5 and lower, executing Alter Table on tables with partitions would fail with an error similar to "Syntax error: 'PARTITION' (identifier) is not valid input at this position".
- MySQL Workbench lacked a CentOS profile, so could fail to make remote connections to a CentOS machine.
- After opening the stored procedure editor from the object browser, clicking Execute would execute a query that did not take into account the IN parameters.
- On Windows, the "DEFAULT NULL" value could unintentionally be removed from the "Alter Table" window when clicking on it.
- The Database Migration migration link on the home page was not functioning immediately after a successful migration.
- Several grammar and spelling corrections were implemented into the GUI.
- Under certain circumstances, sub-queries were reported as syntax errors
- Several SQL Server 2014 database migration improvements.
- While modeling, pressing the Enter key while editing a document's properties would close the document properties window instead of adding a new line
- When copying tables, Workbench makes one connection at the start to disable triggers, makes a separate connection to do the data copy, then returns to the first connection to re-enable triggers. If the copy takes longer than the server's wait_timeout, the first connection timed out.
- The Driver sends Unicode data as UTF-8 advanced database migration option that is available when using an ODBC driver is now disabled by default. Also, connections could hang when this option was enabled.
- Executing Delete Row(s) after selecting more than six rows from the results grid would not delete all of the selected rows.
- Adding a DATETIME with precision (such as DATETIME(3)) from the Table Editor would eventually get reverted to DATETIME (without precision).
- The search (magnifying glass) icon in the schema search field was misplaced after the left sidebar was resized.
- Workbench will now prompt to continue the execution of operations containing loops in stored procedures, instead of just canceling it after ~200 executions.
- The Performance Schema installation procedure in Workbench failed to check user privileges before attempting the installation. For example, if the user had all privileges except "ALTER ROUTINE", it would update sys.version but fail to complete the installation, and also fail to back out thereby leaving the sys.version as current but none of the functions were updated.
- On Linux and OS X, the Options File viewer shortened (cut) long option names in the GUI, although editing their values changed the correct options.
- MySQL connections were leaked when connecting and disconnecting to MySQL databases. It leaked one connection per re-connect to a database.
- A large database caused the size reported under the Schema Inspector to wrap around and display a negative number.
- From the Options File management feature, clicking Discard with the Advanced tab open would always revert the thread_handling option value to "one-thread-per-connection" even if it was set to "no threads".
- The print preview icon dialog was missing the Workbench icon.
- Changes to the modeling Appearance font preference did not save properly, or have an effect.
- On Windows, the Query Stats graph would not render with MySQL Server 5.7.
- The Query Stats information tab was populated even when the Performance Schema was disabled.
- The Toggle whether execution of SQL script should continue after failed statements button was updated to better indicate when the option is enabled or disabled.
- On Windows, after closing and reopening Workbench with several SQL Editor tabs open, the tabs names were hash values (instead of MySQL connection names) if the connection names contained non-standard text.
- In the Table Editor, if a column has NN checked, and NN is then unchecked, then a default NULL value is automatically added to the CREATE TABLE statement when Apply is clicked. The column then shows a default value of NULL in the Table Editor.
- If a setting is (incorrectly) defined twice in my.ini, Workbench separates its values with a newline ("n"). For example, if sort_buffer_size is defined twice, Workbench displays it as "sort_buffer_size=256Kn256K". Workbench now follows MySQL Server behavior, and uses the last defined option.
- The cursor could seemingly disappear after executing a query, as it could remain at its last position when the query started to execute. (Bug #19703074, Bug #74128)
- The model Page setup... functionality was not always preserved when choosing a size for printing.