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抬頭看星空認不出星座?Stellarium 能幫你什麼

Stellarium (32-bit) 軟體圖示 Stellarium (32-bit) 0.15.1 (32-bit) 資料更新 2016-12-25 閱讀約 6 分鐘

你晚上抬頭看到滿天星星,想認出剛才那顆特別亮的到底是行星還是恆星,拿手機拍下來卻一片模糊,打開星圖 App 又不知道該往哪個方向對。你只是想搞清楚「我現在看到的天空是什麼」,但手上沒有一個工具能讓你邊看邊對照,最後只能放棄,繼續當一個認不出星座的人。

一般人的做法是下載手機星圖 App,但螢幕小、要一直舉著手機、還得先定位和校準方向,在戶外根本手忙腳亂。更別提你想知道「明天凌晨三點火星會在哪個方位」這種問題,手機 App 不是不能查,但操作繁瑣。這類桌面星象模擬軟體的切入點,是讓你在電腦上直接看到「從你所在位置抬頭會看到的完整天空」,然後用滑鼠拖曳、搜尋、調整時間,把天文觀測變成一件可以慢慢研究的事。

01Stellarium 到底能幹嘛?我裝了它之後可以做什麼事?

它是一套開源的天象模擬軟體,安裝後你可以在電腦上看到從地球上任何地點仰望的星空。基本操作是設定你的觀測位置(用 GPS 座標或直接選城市),然後用滑鼠拖曳瀏覽天空、滾輪縮放。內建超過 60 萬顆恆星和深空天體,你可以搜尋任何天體、查看它的位置和資訊,也能模擬過去或未來任何日期的天空狀況。

02我對天文完全不懂,這套軟體會不會太難上手?

它雖然功能很多,但基本操作不難。開啟後預設就是當下時間的星空,你只要用滑鼠拖曳就能四處看。軟體內建星座連線、名稱標籤和網格線,這些都可以在設定裡打開或關閉,幫助你逐步認識天空。如果你只是想認出某顆亮星,用搜尋功能輸入名稱,它會直接帶你到那個天體的位置,不需要先懂任何天文知識。

03它能看到哪些天體?只有星星而已嗎?

除了恆星,它還包含行星、月球、星座、星雲、星系等深空天體,資料庫超過 60 萬筆。你可以搜尋「火星」「獵戶座大星雲」這類目標,它會顯示該天體在目前時間和地點的方位與高度。另外它也提供不同文化的星座神話圖案,例如西方星座、中國星官等,可以在設定中切換顯示。

04我想知道「明天凌晨三點火星在哪裡」,這套軟體能查嗎?

可以,這是它的核心功能之一。畫面下方有時間控制列,你可以直接調整日期和時間,天空會即時跟著改變。設定好你的觀測地點後,把時間調到明天凌晨三點,再用搜尋功能找到火星,它就會顯示在正確的位置。這對規劃觀星行程很有用,你可以在出門前先確認目標天體當時的方位和高度。

05它能不能接望遠鏡?我有一台入門款的望遠鏡想試試。

可以,但需要透過外掛程式來連接。軟體本身支援望遠鏡控制功能,你需要在設定中啟用相關的外掛,然後透過 USB 或序列埠連接望遠鏡。連接後可以讓望遠鏡自動追蹤你選定的天體。不過要注意,不同廠牌的望遠鏡連接方式可能不同,實際能不能順利驅動你的型號,需要自己確認相容性。

06這套軟體適合什麼樣的人用?

主要適合三類人:一是天文愛好者,用它規劃觀測行程、模擬特定時間的天空;二是教育工作者,它內建星座連線、名稱標籤、網格等教學工具,可以在課堂上展示天體運行;三是單純對星空好奇、想認識星座的一般人,安裝後打開就能對照天空找答案。它不需要任何付費,安裝後也能完全離線使用。

07我電腦等級不高,跑得動這套軟體嗎?

官方建議的硬體需求是 2 GHz 雙核心處理器、2 GB 記憶體(建議 4 GB)、支援 OpenGL 3.3 的顯示卡、1 GB 硬碟空間。如果你的電腦是文書機或內建顯示晶片,可能跑得動但畫面會比較卡,尤其是放大到深空天體或開啟較多圖層時。建議先安裝試跑看看,如果覺得不順,可以關閉部分視覺效果來換取流暢度。

08這套軟體只有英文介面嗎?我看不懂英文怎麼辦?

是的,目前介面是英文,沒有內建中文語系。如果你完全看不懂英文,操作上會有一些門檻,因為選單、設定、搜尋功能都是英文。不過基本操作(拖曳、縮放、時間調整)不太需要閱讀文字,你可以靠圖示和試誤來摸索。如果你需要中文介面,這套軟體可能不適合,或者你得另外找中文化的教學資料來對照操作。

09我主要是用手機,這套軟體有手機版嗎?

官方有推出行動裝置版本,但手機版是付費的,而且功能與電腦版不盡相同。你現在看到的這套是 Windows 電腦版,免費且開源。如果你只想在手機上快速認星,手機版可能更方便,但需要付費購買。如果你主要在家裡或固定地點使用,電腦版就夠了,不需要另外花錢。

10我聽說有別的星象軟體,這套跟它們比起來有什麼差別?

這套軟體最大的特色是免費開源、資料庫龐大(超過 60 萬顆恆星)、支援外掛擴充(例如望遠鏡控制),而且持續在更新。市面上有其他付費或免費的星象軟體,功能各有側重。如果你只是偶爾想認星星,免費的選擇很多;如果你需要長時間觀測規劃、望遠鏡控制、或想在課堂上教學,這套的擴充性和開放性會是它的優勢。具體差異建議你實際安裝比較看看。

11我安裝之後發現畫面很卡,有什麼辦法可以調整嗎?

畫面卡頓通常跟顯示卡效能有關。你可以在設定中關閉部分視覺效果,例如減少星星顯示數量、關閉大氣散射模擬、降低解析度,這些都能明顯提升流暢度。另外,如果你的電腦沒有獨立顯示卡,內建顯示晶片跑 OpenGL 3.3 可能會吃力,建議先確認你的顯示卡驅動程式有更新到最新版本。如果調整後還是很卡,可能就得考慮升級硬體了。

12這套軟體需要網路連線才能用嗎?

安裝完成後可以完全離線使用,所有星體資料都存在本機,不需要連網就能模擬星空。不過如果你要下載額外的資料庫(例如更多深空天體資料)或更新軟體版本,就需要網路連線。另外,如果你要使用 GPS 自動定位功能,也需要網路或 GPS 接收器來取得位置資訊,但手動輸入座標或選擇城市就不需要。

下載與官方連結

前往官方網站 下載 Stellarium (32-bit)

stellarium-0.15.1-win32.exe · 162.96 MB · 連結指向軟體原廠

版本紀錄

再看 5 筆

看完整版本清單

這一版改了什麼

What's new in this version:

New exciting features:
- The Digital Sky Survey (DSS) can be shown (requires online connection)
- AstroCalc is now available from the main menu and gives interesting new computational insight
- Stellarium can act as Spout sender (important for multimedia environments; Windows only)
- wait() and waitFor() in the Scripting Engine no longer inhibits performance of moves
- DE430/431 DeltaT may be OK now. We still want to test a bit more, though
- ArchaeoLines also offers two arbitrary declination lines
- Added support of time zones dependent by location
- Added new skyculture: Sardinian
- Added updates and improvements in catalogs
- Added improvements in the GUI
- Added cross identification data for star

Changelog:

List of changes:
- Added code which allows to display full-sky multi-resolution remote images projected using the TOAST format
- Added new option to Oculars plugin: enabling automatic install the type of mount from the telescope settings for saving horizontal orientation of CCD frame
- Added new option stars/flag_forced_twinkle=(false|true) for planetariums to enable a twinkling of stars without atmosphere
- Added calculations of conjunction between major planets and deep-sky objects (AstroCalc)
- Added calculations of occultations between major planets and DSO/SSO (AstroCalc)
- Added option to toggle visibility of designations of exoplanets (esp. for exoplanetary systems)
- Added support of time zones dependent by location
- Added option in GUI to edit colours of the markings
- Added a special case for educational purpose to drawing orbits for the Solar System Observer
- Added the new config option in the sky cultures for management of boundaries of constellations
- Added support synonyms of star names (2nd edition of the sky cultures)
- Added support reference data for star names (2nd edition of the sky cultures)
- Added support synonyms of DSO names (2nd edition of the sky cultures)
- Added support native names of DSO (2nd edition of the sky cultures)
- Added support reference data for native DSO names (2nd edition of the sky cultures)
- Added support Spout under Windows (Stellarium is Spout Sender now)
- Added a few trojans and quasi-satellites in ssystem.ini file
- Added a virtual planet 'Earth Observer' for educational purposes (illustration for the Moon phases)
- Added orbit lines for some asteroids and comets
- Added config option to switch between styles of color of orbits
- Added support of separate colors for orbits
- Added function and shortcut for quick reversing direction of time
- Added custom objects to avoid of getting of empty space for Search Tool (SIMBAD mode) and to adding custom markers on the sky
- Added tool to management of visibility for grids/lines in Oculars plugin
- Added the hiding of supernova remnants before their birth
- Added markers for various poles and zenith/nadir
- Added markers for equinoxes
- Added supergalactic coordinate system
- Added code for management of SkyPoints in Oculars plugin
- Added notes to the Help window
- Added commands and shortcuts for quick move to celestial poles
- Added textures for deep-sky objects
- Added Millions of light years distance to infostring for galaxies
- Added 2 custom declination lines to ArchaeoLines plugin
- Added dialog with options to adjust of colors of markers of deep-sky objects
- Added new options to infobox
- Added calculating and displaying the Moon phases
- Added allow for proper stopping of time dragging
- Added time scrolling
- Added Scottish Gaelic (gd) translations for landscapes and sceneries.
- Added usage the Qt 5 JSON parser instead of the hand-made one we used so far
- Added synonyms for DSO
- Added names consistency for DSO
- Added support operational statuses for few classes of artificial satellites
- Added special zoom level for Telrad to avoid undefined behaviour of zooming
- Added new icons for Bookmarks and AstroCalc tools
- Added missing Bayer designation of 4 Aurigae
- Added calculations of conjunctions/occultations between planets and bright stars (AstroCalc tool)
- Added 'Altitude vs Time' feature for AstroCalc tool
- Added location identification which adds canonical IAU 3-letter code to infostring and PointerCoordinates plugin
- Added elongation and phase angle to Comet and MinorPlanet infostrings
- Added cross identification data for stars from Bright Star Catalogue, 5th Revised Ed. (Hoffleit+, 1991)
- Added AstroCalc icon
- Added new scriptable methods to CustomObjectMgr class
- Added Sardinian sky culture
- Allow changes of milky way and zodiacal light brightness via GUI while stars switched off
- Fixed visual issue for AstroCalc tool
- Fixed incorrectly escaping of translated strings for some languages in Remote Control plugin
- Fixed disappearing of star labels when the 'Navigational Stars' plugin is loaded and not activated
- Fixed offset issue for image sensor frame in Oculars plugin
- Fixed crash when labels and markers box in sky and Viewing Options tab is ticked
- Fixed spherical distortion with night mode
- Fixed behaviour of buttons on Oculars on-screen control panel
- Fixed misalignment of Veil nebula image
- Fixed build of planetarium without scripting support (Thanks to Alexey Dokuchaev for the bug report)
- Fixed coordinates of the open cluster Melotte 227
- Fixed typos in Kamilorai skyculture
- Fixed cmake typos for scenery3d model (Thanks to Alexey Dokuchaev for the bug report)
- Fixed crash when turning off custom GRS if GRS Details dialogue has not been opened before
- Fixed small issue rounding for JD for DeltaT tooltip on bottom bar
- Fixed rendering orbits of artificial satellites during changing of location through spaceship feature
- Fixed hiding the Moon during a total solar eclipse when option 'limit magnitude' for Solar system objects is enabled
- Fixed small bug for updating catalog in the Bright Novae plugin
- Fixed displaying date and time in AstroCalc Tool
- Fixed a typographical error in coefficient for precession expressions by Vodnark et. al.
- Fixed crash on exit in the debug mode in StelTexture module
- Fixed crash in the debug mode
- Fixed coverity issues
- Fixed obvious typos
- Fixed issue for wrong calculation of exit pupil for binoculars in Oculars plugin
- Fixed issue for Arabic translation
- Fixed packaging on OS X for Qt 5.6.2+
- Fixed calculations of the value of the Moon secular acceleration when JPL DE43x ephemeris is used
- Fixed distances for objects of Caldwell catalogue
- Fixed calculations for transit phenomena
- Fixed missing translations in Remote Control plug-in
- Fixed displaying of localized projection name in Remote Control
- Fixed search localized names of artificial satellites
- Fixed showing translated names of artificial satellite
- Fixed GUI Problem in Satellites plug-in
- Fixed moon size infostring
- Fixed AstroCalc lists transits as occulations
- Fixed resetting of DSO Limit Magnitude by Image Sensor Frame
- Fixed Nova Puppis 1942 coordinates
- Fixed error in light curve model of historical supernovae
- Fixed width of search dialog for Meteor Showers plugin
- Fixed shortcut for "Remove selection of constellations" action
- Fixed retranslation name and type of meteor showers in Meteor Showers when language of application is changed
- Fixed wrong tooltip info
- Fixed Mercury's magnitude formula
- Fixed cross-id error for alpha2 Cen
- Fixed core.moveToAltAzi(90,XX) issue
- Fixed view centered on zenith (restart after save) issue
- Updated DSO Catalog: Added support full of UGC catalog
- Updated DSO Catalog: Added galaxies from PGC2003 catalog (mag <=15)
- Updated DSO Catalog: Removed errors and duplicates
- Updated stars catalogues
- Updated stars names
- Updated settings for AstroCalc
- Updated Satellites plugin
- Updated Scenery3d plugin
- Updated Stellarium User Guide
- Updated support for High DPI monitors
- Updated list of star names for Western sky culture
- Updated Search Tool
- Updated default catalogues for plugins
- Updated list of locations (2nd version of format - TZ support)
- Updated pulsars catalog & util
- Updated Scripting Engine
- Updated rules for visibility of exoplanets labels
- Updated shortcuts
- Updated info for the landscape actions
- Updated Bengali translation of Sardinian skyculture
- Correctly apply constellation fade duration
- Expanded behaviour of for isolated constellations selection (only for skycultures with IAU generic boundaries)
- Ensure stable up vector for lookZenith, lookEast etc
- Verification the star names by the official IAU star names list
- Minor improvement in ini file writing
- Set usage Bortle index only after year 1825
- Re-implement wait() and waitFor() scripting functions to avoid large delays in main thread
- Restored broken feature (hidding markers for selected planets)
- Removed color profiles from PNG files
- Removed the flips of the CCD frame because it works incorrect and he introduced new one bug
- Removed the useless misspelled names from list of stars
- Removed the Time Zone plug-in
- Removed useless translations in ArchaeoLines plug-in