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抬頭看星空認不出星座?Stellarium 能幫你什麼

Stellarium (32-bit) 軟體圖示 Stellarium (32-bit) 0.15.2 (32-bit) 資料更新 2017-03-21 閱讀約 6 分鐘

你晚上抬頭看到滿天星星,想認出剛才那顆特別亮的到底是行星還是恆星,拿手機拍下來卻一片模糊,打開星圖 App 又不知道該往哪個方向對。你只是想搞清楚「我現在看到的天空是什麼」,但手上沒有一個工具能讓你邊看邊對照,最後只能放棄,繼續當一個認不出星座的人。

一般人的做法是下載手機星圖 App,但螢幕小、要一直舉著手機、還得先定位和校準方向,在戶外根本手忙腳亂。更別提你想知道「明天凌晨三點火星會在哪個方位」這種問題,手機 App 不是不能查,但操作繁瑣。這類桌面星象模擬軟體的切入點,是讓你在電腦上直接看到「從你所在位置抬頭會看到的完整天空」,然後用滑鼠拖曳、搜尋、調整時間,把天文觀測變成一件可以慢慢研究的事。

01Stellarium 到底能幹嘛?我裝了它之後可以做什麼事?

它是一套開源的天象模擬軟體,安裝後你可以在電腦上看到從地球上任何地點仰望的星空。基本操作是設定你的觀測位置(用 GPS 座標或直接選城市),然後用滑鼠拖曳瀏覽天空、滾輪縮放。內建超過 60 萬顆恆星和深空天體,你可以搜尋任何天體、查看它的位置和資訊,也能模擬過去或未來任何日期的天空狀況。

02我對天文完全不懂,這套軟體會不會太難上手?

它雖然功能很多,但基本操作不難。開啟後預設就是當下時間的星空,你只要用滑鼠拖曳就能四處看。軟體內建星座連線、名稱標籤和網格線,這些都可以在設定裡打開或關閉,幫助你逐步認識天空。如果你只是想認出某顆亮星,用搜尋功能輸入名稱,它會直接帶你到那個天體的位置,不需要先懂任何天文知識。

03它能看到哪些天體?只有星星而已嗎?

除了恆星,它還包含行星、月球、星座、星雲、星系等深空天體,資料庫超過 60 萬筆。你可以搜尋「火星」「獵戶座大星雲」這類目標,它會顯示該天體在目前時間和地點的方位與高度。另外它也提供不同文化的星座神話圖案,例如西方星座、中國星官等,可以在設定中切換顯示。

04我想知道「明天凌晨三點火星在哪裡」,這套軟體能查嗎?

可以,這是它的核心功能之一。畫面下方有時間控制列,你可以直接調整日期和時間,天空會即時跟著改變。設定好你的觀測地點後,把時間調到明天凌晨三點,再用搜尋功能找到火星,它就會顯示在正確的位置。這對規劃觀星行程很有用,你可以在出門前先確認目標天體當時的方位和高度。

05它能不能接望遠鏡?我有一台入門款的望遠鏡想試試。

可以,但需要透過外掛程式來連接。軟體本身支援望遠鏡控制功能,你需要在設定中啟用相關的外掛,然後透過 USB 或序列埠連接望遠鏡。連接後可以讓望遠鏡自動追蹤你選定的天體。不過要注意,不同廠牌的望遠鏡連接方式可能不同,實際能不能順利驅動你的型號,需要自己確認相容性。

06這套軟體適合什麼樣的人用?

主要適合三類人:一是天文愛好者,用它規劃觀測行程、模擬特定時間的天空;二是教育工作者,它內建星座連線、名稱標籤、網格等教學工具,可以在課堂上展示天體運行;三是單純對星空好奇、想認識星座的一般人,安裝後打開就能對照天空找答案。它不需要任何付費,安裝後也能完全離線使用。

07我電腦等級不高,跑得動這套軟體嗎?

官方建議的硬體需求是 2 GHz 雙核心處理器、2 GB 記憶體(建議 4 GB)、支援 OpenGL 3.3 的顯示卡、1 GB 硬碟空間。如果你的電腦是文書機或內建顯示晶片,可能跑得動但畫面會比較卡,尤其是放大到深空天體或開啟較多圖層時。建議先安裝試跑看看,如果覺得不順,可以關閉部分視覺效果來換取流暢度。

08這套軟體只有英文介面嗎?我看不懂英文怎麼辦?

是的,目前介面是英文,沒有內建中文語系。如果你完全看不懂英文,操作上會有一些門檻,因為選單、設定、搜尋功能都是英文。不過基本操作(拖曳、縮放、時間調整)不太需要閱讀文字,你可以靠圖示和試誤來摸索。如果你需要中文介面,這套軟體可能不適合,或者你得另外找中文化的教學資料來對照操作。

09我主要是用手機,這套軟體有手機版嗎?

官方有推出行動裝置版本,但手機版是付費的,而且功能與電腦版不盡相同。你現在看到的這套是 Windows 電腦版,免費且開源。如果你只想在手機上快速認星,手機版可能更方便,但需要付費購買。如果你主要在家裡或固定地點使用,電腦版就夠了,不需要另外花錢。

10我聽說有別的星象軟體,這套跟它們比起來有什麼差別?

這套軟體最大的特色是免費開源、資料庫龐大(超過 60 萬顆恆星)、支援外掛擴充(例如望遠鏡控制),而且持續在更新。市面上有其他付費或免費的星象軟體,功能各有側重。如果你只是偶爾想認星星,免費的選擇很多;如果你需要長時間觀測規劃、望遠鏡控制、或想在課堂上教學,這套的擴充性和開放性會是它的優勢。具體差異建議你實際安裝比較看看。

11我安裝之後發現畫面很卡,有什麼辦法可以調整嗎?

畫面卡頓通常跟顯示卡效能有關。你可以在設定中關閉部分視覺效果,例如減少星星顯示數量、關閉大氣散射模擬、降低解析度,這些都能明顯提升流暢度。另外,如果你的電腦沒有獨立顯示卡,內建顯示晶片跑 OpenGL 3.3 可能會吃力,建議先確認你的顯示卡驅動程式有更新到最新版本。如果調整後還是很卡,可能就得考慮升級硬體了。

12這套軟體需要網路連線才能用嗎?

安裝完成後可以完全離線使用,所有星體資料都存在本機,不需要連網就能模擬星空。不過如果你要下載額外的資料庫(例如更多深空天體資料)或更新軟體版本,就需要網路連線。另外,如果你要使用 GPS 自動定位功能,也需要網路或 GPS 接收器來取得位置資訊,但手動輸入座標或選擇城市就不需要。

下載與官方連結

前往官方網站 下載 Stellarium (32-bit)

stellarium-0.15.2-win32.exe · 171.31 MB · 連結指向軟體原廠

版本紀錄

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看完整版本清單

這一版改了什麼

What's new in this version:

- Added new algorithm for DeltaT from Stephenson, Morrison and Hohenkerk (2016)
- Added use QOpenGLWidget
- Added new option to InfoString group
- Added orbit visualization data for asteroids
- Added calculation of extincted magnitudes of satellites
- Added new type of Solar system objects: sednoids
- Added classificator of objects into Solar System Editor plugin
- Added albedo for infostring (planets and moons)
- Added some improvements and clean up of code in Search Tool
- Added use ISO 8601 to date formatting in Date and Time Dialog (LP: #1655630)
- Added "Restore direction to initial values" in Oculars plugin (LP: #1656085)
- Added the define for GL_DOUBLE again to restore compilation on ARM.
- Added calculation and show of horizontal and vertical scales of visible field of view of CCD (LP: #1656825)
- Added caching for landscapes, including preloading and some other manipulation via scripting.
- Added binning for CCD in Oculars plugin
- Added textures for DSO
- Added a mean solar day (equals to Earth's day) on the Sun for educational purposes
- Added transmitting map of object info via RemoteControl
- Added int property handling with sliders
- Added a scriptable function to retrieve landscape brightness.
- Added Spout licence.txt to Windows installer script
- Added displaying solstices points (LP: #1670046)
- Added extension of objectInfoMaps per object, most useful for scripting (LP: #1670412)
- Added tentative fix for crash without network (LP: #1667703)
- Added separate storing of view direction/FoV and other settings.
- Added Meade MA12 Astrometric Eyepiece support in Oculars plugin
- Added option to change the prediction depth of Iridium flares (Satellites plugin)
- Added tooltips for AstroCalc features
- Fixed indirect dependency to QtOpenGL by QtMultimediaWidgets (LP: #1656525)
- Fixed text encoding in installer (LP: #1652515)
- Fixed changing value of n.dot in tooltip when ephemeris type is changed (LP: #1652762)
- Fixed mistakes in DeltaT stuff
- Fixed typos in AstroCalc tool
- Fixed visual style for spinup/spindown markers
- Fixed missing cross-id of Epsilon Lyrae (LP: #1653388)
- Fixed updating a list of Solar system bodies in AstroCalc tool when new objects added or objects was removed
- Fixed calculation of period for comets on elliptial orbits
- Fixed prediction of Iridium flares (LP: #1643311)
- Fixed saving visibility flag for Bookmarks button (LP: #1654164)
- Fixed refraction for Satellites (LP: #1654331)
- Fixed wrong parallax and distance for IC 59 (LP: #1655423)
- Fixed updating a text in Help window when shortcuts are changed (LP: #1656001)
- Fixed saving flags of visibility of Milky Way and Zodiacal Light (LP: #1656067)
- Fixed memory leaks
- Fixed few reports of Clang static analyzer
- Fixed double clicks causing crashes (LP: #1656525)
- Fixed packaging QtOpenGL in Windows/macOS packages
- Fixed handling a log lines with missing newline char
- Fixed a bad-value crash in ArchaeoLines plugin
- Fixed an invalid escape sequence in RemoteControl plugin
- Fixed bug in Search Tool (LP: #1655055)
- Fixed doing a screenshots (do it via FBO - solution for QOpenGLWidget)
- Fixed work a button for ArchaeoLines plugin
- Fixed calculation and rendering CCD frame in Oculars plugin
- Fixed an memory leak with the spheric mirror distorter, and removed stencil buffer from the effect FBO (we don't need it for our rendering) (LP: #1661375)
- Fixed tile-based render performance (always glClear all buffers at the start of the frame) (LP: #1661375)
- Fixed glClear alpha channel usage (glClear alpha to zero instead of one)
- Fixed Scenery3d cubemap rendering (restores rendering)
- Fixed crash, when location 'Sierra Nevada Observatory, Spain' is chosen (LP: #1662113)
- Fixed NetBSD and OpenBSD build by linking glues with Qt5::Gui.
- Fixed size for few DSO textures (NPOT textures for ancient GPUs) (LP: #1641773)
- Fixed crash, when missing a stars catalog from the middle of list (e.g. stars4 is missing and we tried zooming) (LP: #1653315)
- Fixed crash for configure color of generic DSO marker (LP: #1667787)
- Fixed date limit in AstroCalc tool (Set a minimum possible date limit for the range of dates for
QDateTimeEdit widgets) (LP: #1660208)
- Fixed escaping of symbols for Simbad Lookup (LP: #1669088)
- Fixed DE431 mismatch (LP: #1606583)
- Fixed overbright Sun when zooming in (LP: #1421173)
- Fixed absolute magnitude calculation of the planets, their moons, and the Pluto-Charon system (LP: #1664143)
- Fixed a long-standing bug concerning centering small-fov views in equatorial mount mode (LP: #1484976)
- Fixed influencing sky luminance/eye adaptation for bright objects covered by the landscape horizon. (LP: #1138533)
- Fixed atmospheric brightening by Earth's moon when location is on other planets (LP: #1673283)
- Fixed application of DE43x DeltaT when date outside range of the selected DE43x.
- Fixed Night mode issue for binocular mode of Oculars Plugin (LP: #1673187)
- Fixed altitude computation for landscapes
- Fixed a small error in that Zodiacal light was aligned with Ecliptic J2000, not Ecliptic of date (LP: #1628765)
- Fixed crash Stellarium in debug mode on OS X with Qt 5.7+, through clear GL error state after using QPainter (LP: #1628072)
- Fixed a problem with Qt timezone handling, when some IANA timezones have been renamed compared to entries in our location database (LP: #1662132)
- Allows SkyImages in all reference frames and deprecate the old explicit core.loadSkyImageAltAz() type commands
- Updated rules for usage of custom time zones (the custom time zone may be use in all time now) (LP: #1652763)
- Updated shortcuts
- Updated rules for source package builder
- Updated URL of DSS collection
- Updated detect of OS
- Updated deployment rules for Windows installer
- Updated script for building Stellarium User Guide
- Updated GUI for set coefficients for custom equation of DeltaT
- Updated list of contributors
- Updated ArchaeoLines and Gridlines options to RemoteControl pages
- Updated Tongan sky culture
- Updated catalog of DSO
- Updated common names of DSO
- Updated star names (LP: #1664671)
- Updated Solar System Screen Saver.
- Updated Oculars plugin
- Updated Satellites plugin (Let's start looking to the Iridium on 15 seconds before flash)
- Updated plist data for macOS
- Updated textures of minor planets
- Updated default color scheme
- Removed code for automatic tuning star scales of the view through ocular/CCD (LP: #1656940)
- Code clean-up
- Prevent an unnecessary StelProperty change
- Changed the way the OpenGL format is set once again