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想認識星空卻不知從何開始?Stellarium 能做什麼

Stellarium (64-bit) 軟體圖示 Stellarium (64-bit) 0.13.2 (64-bit) 資料更新 2015-01-20 閱讀約 5 分鐘

晚上抬頭看到滿天星星,想認出幾個星座,卻發現手機上的觀星App畫面太小、操作不順手,手指一滑就不知道看到哪裡去了。你只是想安靜地知道「那顆亮星叫什麼」,結果在小小的螢幕上點來點去,越看越糊塗,最後還是放棄。

一般人習慣先用手機App應急,但螢幕小、耗電快,而且很多功能要連網才能用。真正想好好認識星空,需要的是一個能在電腦上慢慢看、隨意放大縮小、還能設定時間地點的工具。這類星象模擬軟體的切入點,是把整個天空變成可以自由探索的地圖,讓你在出門觀星前,先在螢幕上搞清楚自己要找什麼。

01Stellarium 到底能拿來做什麼?

它是一套免費的開源星象模擬軟體,安裝後可以在電腦上顯示你所在位置當下的星空。內建超過六十萬顆恆星和深空天體資料,可以顯示星座連線、名稱,也能模擬不同文化的神話星圖。主要用途是認識星空、規劃觀星行程,以及當作天文教學的輔助工具。

02能不能用它看特定日期的天空?

可以。軟體有時間軸功能,你可以把日期和時間調到任何過去或未來的時刻,它會模擬當時的星空狀況。例如你想知道下個月某天凌晨四點,木星會出現在哪個方位,直接設定時間就能看到。這對規劃觀星或拍攝天文照片很有幫助。

03它能不能控制望遠鏡?

可以,但需要安裝額外的外掛程式。軟體本身支援透過第三方外掛連接望遠鏡,進行自動追蹤。不過這需要你的望遠鏡型號有對應的驅動程式,而且設定過程不算簡單,建議先確認自己的設備是否相容,再花時間研究外掛的安裝方式。

04這套軟體需要連網才能用嗎?

安裝完成後可以完全離線使用,星空模擬、搜尋天體、時間調整這些功能都不需要網路。只有下載額外的資料庫或更新時才需要連線。如果你打算在戶外沒有網路的地方使用,這點很方便。

05我想找某顆星或某個星座,要怎麼操作?

軟體有搜尋功能,輸入天體名稱或編號,畫面就會自動移動到目標位置並標示出來。例如輸入「M31」就會帶你到仙女座星系,輸入「Mars」就會顯示火星目前的位置。這比在真實天空中用肉眼找快很多,也是它作為觀星規劃工具的主要用法。

06完全不懂天文的人,用這套軟體會太難嗎?

介面是英文的,但基本操作不算複雜:滑鼠拖曳看天空、滾輪縮放、點擊天體看資訊。第一次打開可能會覺得按鈕很多,不過只要會用搜尋和時間軸,就能開始探索。如果你完全沒有天文基礎,建議先從開啟星座連線和名稱標籤開始,慢慢對照天空。

07學生或老師拿它來教學,夠用嗎?

軟體有教育用途的設計,可以顯示赤道座標網格、方位角、地平線等輔助線,也能調整大氣狀態和光害程度。這些功能對課堂上解釋天體運動、星座位置很有幫助。另外它支援腳本自動化,可以寫簡單的腳本讓模擬流程自動跑,方便示範。

08業餘天文愛好者會覺得它不夠專業嗎?

以免費軟體來說,它的星體資料量算相當充足,超過六十萬顆恆星和深空天體,還可另外下載更詳細的資料庫。加上望遠鏡控制外掛和時間模擬功能,很多天文社團會用它來規劃觀測行程。不過如果你需要非常專業的數據分析或攝影輔助,可能還需要搭配其他工具。

09我的電腦比較舊,跑得動嗎?

官方列出的基本需求是雙核心處理器、2GB記憶體、支援OpenGL 3.3的顯示卡、1GB硬碟空間。如果你的電腦是近十年的文書機,通常可以順暢執行。但要注意,顯示卡太舊或沒有獨立顯卡,畫面可能會卡頓,尤其是放大到高倍率的時候。

10介面只有英文,看不懂怎麼辦?

軟體目前沒有官方中文介面,這對不熟悉英文的使用者確實是個門檻。不過常用的功能按鈕不多,搜尋、時間軸、設定這些位置記住之後,影響不大。如果你完全無法接受英文介面,可以考慮找看看有沒有社群製作的中文化檔案,但這需要自行搜尋和確認。

11手機上也有類似的觀星App,跟這套有什麼差別?

手機App的優勢是方便攜帶,舉起手機就能對準天空辨識星星。但螢幕小、操作精細度有限,而且很多功能需要付費或連網。Stellarium 在電腦上操作空間大,資料量也較完整,適合在家慢慢研究。手機版有付費的進階版本,但功能與電腦版不盡相同,需要自行比較。

下載與官方連結

前往官方網站 下載 Stellarium (64-bit)

stellarium-0.13.2-win64.exe · 129.71 MB · 連結指向軟體原廠

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這一版改了什麼

What's new in this version:

- Added shortcut and option for disable illumination layer in landscapes
- Added translations for sky cultures and landscapes
- Added better GUI control and defaults regarding minimal landscape brightness settings
- Added zero landscape
- Added new sky subculture: Arabic Moon Stations
- Added new sky culture: Japanese Moon Stations
- Added new sky culture: Siberian
- Added new sky subculture - Western with R.A.Rey lines of constellations
- Added support native names of the planets for different cultures
- Added a new amazing feature for observations under perfect sky conditions - zodiacal light - sunlight reflected off the interplanetary dust in our solar system
- Added improvements for Oculars plugin
- Added improvements for Angle Measure, Compass Marks, Solar System Editor, Exoplanets and Observability Analysis plugins
- Added new key for config.ini for choosing algorithms of computation of the apparent magnitudes of the planets in case when observer on the Earth (astro/apparent_magnitude_algorithm)
- Added changes to RA's output precision
- Added extinction to Milky Way and the texture for our galaxy was updated
- Added new output data for angular sizes for methods getObjectInfo and getSelectedObjectInfo in scripting engine
- Added improvements for rendering of the grid lines in the spherical mirror distortion mode
- Added improvements for rendering of the comet tails and comas
- Added improvements for Exoplanets plugin
- Added management of Zodiacal Light into core.clear() method in Scripting Engine.
- Added extension for getObjectInfo() and getSelectedObjectInfo() in scripting engine for case of the objects of Solar system
- Added extension of usage of the decimal angle format - now it used in Angle Measure & Pointer Coordinates plugins too
- Added extension to the coordinate systems in Pointer Coordinates plugin and fix ecliptical coordinates on J2000.0 epoch
- Added shortcut for disable/enable planets
- Added a tool for planning a mosaic astrophotography: shows a small cross at center of CCD's frame and equatorial coordinates for epoch J2000.0 of that center
- Added aliases for couple shortkeys
- Added newlines support in satellite descriptions
- Added possibility to have trail only for one planet
- Added missing Flamsteed designations of stars
- Added Guernsey Observatory to locations list
- Added simple method to add a Solar system object
- Added display of current Time Zone
- Added few TNO's and comets
- Added alphabetical soft for list in Search Tool
- Added Arabic description for landscapes
- Fixed errors of getting angular size for methods getObjectInfo and getSelectedObjectInfo in scripting engine
- Fixed a bug that did not account for HighDPI displays when drawing a CCD in Oculars
- Fixed rendering of the orbits of Neptune's moons
- Fixed 12 arcmin. error for method moveToRaDecJ2000 in scripting engine
- Fixed crash for method goHome in scripting engine
- Fixed errors, related to the proper motion of some stars
- Fixed failures for rendering of textures for some moons like Hyperion
- We apply support of multi-touch gestures only for Windows - was resolved the mouse issue on OS X
- Fixed missing image feature in Mongolian skyculture
- Fixed underpredicted behaviour of refraction
- Fixed click-match issue
- Fixed night mode style in Ocular Control menu
- Fixed IP-based position lookup fails
- Fixed crash on spherical mirror distortion
- Fixed highlight issue with selection in the Satellites plugin
- Fixed Meade LX200 protocol support
- Fixed wrong import of comets data through online search in the Solar System Editor plugin
- Fixed issue in Lists within Search Tool
- Fixed getting of coordinates in the Pointer Coordinates plugin in windowed mode
- Fixed non-display of minus sign for |equation_of_time|- Fixed bad UTF-8 characters in tooltips
- Fixed select priority for radiants
- Fixed landscape names translation issue
- Fixed compilation on Windows and on armhf with Qt 5.4
- Fixed memory leak on Windows x64
- Fixed cursor timeout restore
- Fixed DSO's markers placement in orthographic projection
- Fixed Moon's glow under horizon
- Fixed wrong visualisation of grids close to "equators" for small FOV
- Update deployment rules for Windows and OS X
- Hide info about type when it not defined for this object of solar system
- Improved look for Date and Time Dialog and fixed show Julian Dates - it show now JD instead a CJD
- Meteors don't be visible without enabled atmosphere now
- Made an exclusion for moons with chaotic period of rotation
- Reducing the number of compass marks to those on screen to improve performance
- On returning to home position, display atmosphere and fog only if configured in config file
- Change default settings for Windows installer: added removing cache at install of the planetarium for avoiding "missing disk in drive " problem
- Translation of names of the celestial bodies moved to stellarium-skycultures
- Changes in style of displaying of "celestial names" in cultures
- Language of the cultures now can be chosen in GUI
- Changes in detection of OpenGL availability
- Extend the 'restore to original FOV' feature for sensor mode also
- Re-implemented viewing/flag_constellation_pick option to allow select single constellation only
- Set hint visibility threshold for planets and comets to 5mag below sky limiting magnitude
- Updated scripting documentation
- Fit more realistic magnitude of the Moon for the case of lunar eclipse
- Avoid overly bluish Milky Way
- Extend TNO's classification
- Avoid crash for satellites with not valid orbits
- Improvement for showing names of the stars and fixed couple typos in GCVS
- Actualize TLE's
- Minor fix for space ship translation
- Reduce minimal FOV to 5 arcsec
- Restore location settings via CLI
- Hide and remove satellites with invalid orbits
- All relative dates in Scripting Engine are set without DeltaT correction