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Sublime Text 輕量編輯器能取代哪些開發工具

Sublime Text (64-bit) 軟體圖示 Sublime Text (64-bit) 2.0 (64-bit) 資料更新 2012-06-26 閱讀約 6 分鐘

寫程式寫到一半,切換檔案、搜尋函式都要等個幾秒,游標轉圈圈轉到心煩。你只是想改個設定、寫個小工具,卻得打開整套笨重的整合開發環境,記憶體吃滿、介面複雜,光是等它載入就耗掉好幾分鐘。這種時候你需要的不是更多功能,而是一個打開就能立刻開始打字的編輯器。

很多人習慣用記事本加減寫,但沒有語法標色、沒有自動補齊,寫錯字要等到執行才發現。另一邊的整合開發環境又太重,啟動慢、佔資源,對只想快速改個檔案的人來說負擔太大。這類工具的切入點是:保持輕量、啟動快,同時把開發者常用的編輯功能做扎實,讓你在「不想開 IDE」和「記事本不夠用」之間有個中間選項。

01Sublime Text 跟記事本差在哪?

記事本只能純文字編輯,Sublime Text 多了語法標色、自動補齊、多選編輯、命令面板和 Goto Anything 搜尋。寫程式時語法會上色,打錯關鍵字一眼就能看出來;按 Ctrl+P 可以直接輸入檔名跳到指定檔案,不用一層層開資料夾。這些功能記事本都沒有,但 Sublime Text 開啟速度和記事本一樣快。

02它能不能一次改多行?

可以,這是它的核心功能之一。按住 Ctrl 再用滑鼠點不同位置,就能同時在多個地方打字;也可以用 Ctrl+D 選取相同字詞,一次改掉所有重複的內容。改大量重複的程式碼或文字時很省時間,不用一行一行手動改。

03要怎麼快速跳到某個函式或某一行?

按 Ctrl+P 開啟 Goto Anything,輸入檔名可以跳檔案;在檔案內按 Ctrl+R 可以列出所有函式名稱,輸入關鍵字直接跳過去。要跳特定行號,按 Ctrl+G 輸入數字就行。搜尋是即時的,不用按 Enter,邊打字邊跳。

04外掛要怎麼裝?

先按 Ctrl+Shift+P 開啟命令面板,輸入 Install Package Control 安裝套件管理器。裝好之後再按一次 Ctrl+Shift+P,輸入 Install Package,就能搜尋並安裝外掛。外掛種類很多,Git 整合、程式碼檢查、主題配色都有,但每個外掛的品質和維護狀況不一,裝之前可以看一下下載量和最近更新時間。

05它跟 VS Code 比起來如何?

官方資料列了 VS Code 作為替代方案,說它免費、內建 Git 支援、擴充套件市場龐大。Sublime Text 的優勢是更輕量、啟動更快、資源佔用更低,但 Git 整合和終端機都要靠外掛補齊,沒有內建。如果你很依賴內建 Git 操作和整合終端機,VS Code 開箱即用;如果你追求速度和低資源佔用,Sublime Text 比較接近這個需求。

06寫 Python 或 JavaScript 適合嗎?

適合。它支援多種程式語言的語法標色和自動補齊,Python、JavaScript 都有內建支援。官方資料提到可以透過外掛如 SublimeCodeIntel 增強自動補齊功能。不過它沒有內建的直譯器或除錯器,寫完要自己到終端機執行,這點跟整合開發環境不同。

07電腦很舊跑得動嗎?

官方系統需求是 1 GHz 處理器、2 GB 記憶體、50 MB 磁碟空間,建議 4 GB 記憶體跑大型專案。以這個規格來看,多數舊電腦都跑得動。它本身設計就是輕量、低資源佔用,啟動速度快,比開整套整合開發環境省資源得多。

08免費版跟付費版差在哪?

官方說明是免費版可以無限期待評估使用,但會不定期跳出購買授權的提示。付費是一次性買斷,美金 99 元,買了之後不會再跳提示。功能上沒有差別,免費版就能用全部功能,只是會一直被提醒要付費。如果你不介意那個提示,可以一直免費使用。

09介面只有英文,會不會很難上手?

官方介面語系只有英文,沒有內建中文介面。但操作邏輯不複雜,主要功能都集中在命令面板和快捷鍵,英文選單不難猜。如果你完全看不懂英文,可以找中文教學文章或影片,但介面本身還是英文,這點要先有心理準備。

10它有沒有內建 Git 功能?

沒有內建,需要安裝外掛。官方資料提到 GitGutter、Sublime Merge、Sublime Git 這些外掛可以整合版本控制,GitGutter 會在行號旁顯示哪些行有新增、修改或刪除。如果你需要 Git 功能,裝外掛就能用,但不像 VS Code 那樣開箱就有。

11長期沒更新,還值得用嗎?

官方收錄的版本紀錄顯示近 12 個月更新 1 次、近 24 個月 4 次,更新頻率不算高,但還是有在維護。最後一次更新有加入側邊欄位置調整、Python 3.8 外掛相容性、Zsh 和 TOML 語法支援。如果你在意的是穩定性和既有功能,它還是可以用的;如果你追求新功能出很快,它的更新節奏可能不符合期待。

12寫 Markdown 或一般筆記適合嗎?

官方資料提到它也適合「writers」使用,有免干擾模式可以隱藏多餘介面專心打字。但 Markdown 的即時預覽、表格編輯這些功能,官方資料沒有提到,需要自行確認外掛能不能補上。如果你只是要一個乾淨的編輯器寫純文字或 Markdown 原始碼,它夠用;如果你需要所見即所得的編輯體驗,可能要考慮專門的 Markdown 編輯器。

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這一版改了什麼

What's new in this version:

- OSX: Added Retina display support
- Added "Quick Skip Next", on Command+K,Command+D / Ctrl+K,Ctrl+D
- Added text drag and drop
- Reloading a file maintains the selection
- OSX: Find uses the system find pasteboard
- OSX: Added support for the ODB Editor Suite
- Theme: Added support for the highlight_modified_tabs setting
- Added setting show_full_path, to control if the full path is shown in the window title
- Added setting bold_folder_labels
- OSX: Bundle is signed in preparation for Mountain Lion
- OSX: Added scroll bar support for the "Jump to the spot that's clicked" system preference
- OSX: Added create_window_at_startup setting
- OSX: Folders accessed via symlinks are monitored for changes
- OSX: Fixed Lion press-and-hold inserting two characters
- Windows: Installer is signed
- Windows: Directory scanning makes use of inodes where available
- Windows: Files are opened with the FILE_SHARE_DELETE share mode
- Windows: Fixed a regression in command line handling with network paths
- Windows and Linux: Tweaked command line handling when Sublime Text isn't already running
- Linux: Tweaked handling of the Primary selection
- Linux: GTK is loaded at runtime, removing any dependency on specific libpng versions
- Linux: Fixed occasional jittering with the auto complete window
- Linux: Fixed a directory watching issue
- Linux: Sub-folders within the syntax menu on the status bar work as expected
- Linux: Show Completions has changed from ctrl+space to alt+/, to not interfere with IMEs
- Reworked CSS completions
- Improved Toggle Comment for HTML and CSS
- Added Open in Browser context menu for HTML files
- Saving a file now calls fsync to ensure the data is written to disk
- Added support for file_include_patterns and folder_include_patterns in projects
- Find in Files can exclude directories using "-some_path/" syntax
- Added BOM variants to the Save with Encoding menu
- Added setting preview_on_click
- Improved Indentation Detection
- ASCII control codes are rendered in a different style
- Auto complete and tool tips say within the screen boundaries
- Double clicking in the tab header area will create a new tab
- Delete Folder will prompt before moving the folder to the trash
- Double clicking on whitespace will select only whitespace
- Theme: Added 'expandable' attribute to tree_rows, enabling folders to be styled differently
- Theme: Tweaked quick panel to better indicate the selected item
- Disabling find result highlighting will also disable find-as-you-type in the Find panel
- Pressing escape in the incremental find panel will set the selection to the search start point
- Extended behavior of home and end keys on word wrapped lines
- Changes in file name case are detected in the side bar
- Fixed save_on_focus_lost causing Goto Anything to not show if the current file has unsaved changes
- Fixed folders not being added to the recent folders list
- Fixed rendering of active indent guides
- Fixed pasting file:line expressions into the Goto Anything panel
- Invalid key names in keymap files will are logged to the console
- Build Systems: Added variants
- Build Systems: Improved debug output of the exec command when the target isn't found
- Build Systems: Added show_panel_on_build setting
- Build Systems: Build times are reported
- Build Systems: Exit code is reported, if it's non-zero
- Build Systems: Improved output panel height serialization
- Build Systems: Canceling a build will terminate rather than kill the process
- Vintage: Added backspace motion (thanks mrannanj)
- Vintage: Improved quote text object (thanks Guillermo)
- Vintage: Added Ctrl+U and Ctrl+D (thanks misfo)
- Vintage: 'vintage_use_clipboard' forces pasting from system clipboard too (thanks Guillermo)
- Vintage: Fixed motions with "0" in them for actions (thanks bengolds)
- Vintage: Visual mode I and A (thanks misfo)
- Vintage: Added vintage_use_clipboard setting to yank to the system clipboard (thanks Guillermo)
- Vintage: Tweaked behavior of cw and cW when the caret is in whitespace (thanks misfo)
- Vintage: Added bindings for moving the group focus up, down, left, right (thanks misfo)
- Vintage: Paste accepts a repeat count (thanks misfo)
- Vintage: Added bindings for u and U in visual mode, to change the case of the selection and exit visual mode (thanks quarnster)
- Vintage: Macro replay accepts a repeat count (thanks zbuc)
- Vintage: r<char> processes lines individually (thanks Guillermo)
- Vintage: Tweaked % behavior (thanks misfo)
- Vintage: Fix bug that caused deletes to erroneously left_delete (thanks misfo)
- Vintage: Fix EOF behavior with linewise changes (thanks misfo)
- Vintage: Ignoring a and i when in visual mode (thanks Guillermo)
- Vintage: cc and S take counts (thanks misfo)
- Vintage: Correctly shrink selections when reversed (thanks misfo)
- Vintage: Added vap (thanks behrends)
- API: Added sublime.message_dialog()
- API: Added sublime.ok_cancel_dialog()
- API: Added Command.is_checked() to support checkbox menu items
- API: Added sublime.log_result_regex()