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想做遊戲但不知從哪開始,Unity能幫你什麼

Unity 軟體圖示 Unity 2019.3.4 資料更新 2020-03-06 閱讀約 7 分鐘

你大概有過這種時刻:玩了某款遊戲之後,心裡冒出「這我也做得出來」的念頭,於是打開電腦想找一套能開發遊戲的軟體。結果搜尋到的東西不是太專業看不懂,就是下載下來不知道從哪裡開始,連要建一個角色、讓它動起來都找不到按鈕。你只是想先做一個簡單的小遊戲試試看,卻卡在第一步。

如果從程式語言開始學,光是理解變數、迴圈、物件導向就要花上好幾個月,還沒碰到遊戲畫面就先放棄了。就算找到現成的遊戲範例,也常常因為版本不對、缺少素材、不知道怎麼修改而卡住。這類遊戲開發工具的切入點,是把「寫程式」和「做遊戲」之間的距離縮短——用視覺化的編輯器排列場景、拖曳物件、設定參數,需要寫程式的部分再補上程式碼,同時提供大量現成素材和教學資源,讓你能夠從一個小原型開始,逐步做出完整的遊戲。

Unity 操作介面
Unity 的操作介面

01Unity能做什麼類型的遊戲?

官方說明指出它同時支援2D和3D開發,包含AI尋路工具、UI系統、物理引擎(Box2D和NVIDIA PhysX)、動畫工具、後製特效等,可以製作各種類型的遊戲。官方也提到可以用於VR、AR、手機、桌機、網頁、電視等多種平台。具體想做什麼類型的遊戲,可以參考官方教學和Asset Store的資源。

02它支援哪些平台發布?

官方說明提到可以發布到25個以上平台,包括手機(iOS、Android)、桌機(Windows、Mac)、遊戲主機、電視、VR、AR和網頁。它的跨平台功能可以「build once and deploy to the largest range」,也就是一次建置就能發布到多個平台。但具體支援哪些平台,建議到官方網站確認最新清單。

03免費版有什麼限制?

官方說明提到「Unity 6 Personal - Free Plan」是免費版本,但資格是「Revenue or funding less than $200K in the last 12 months」,也就是過去12個月收入或資金少於20萬美元。超過這個門檻就需要付費方案。免費版包含核心開發平台功能,但可能缺少某些進階功能,建議到官方網站查看免費版與付費版的詳細比較。

Unity 介面畫面 2
Unity 介面畫面

04Asset Store是什麼?

sset Store是Unity的資源商店,官方說明提到裡面有「thousands of quality, ready-made assets」,包括資源、工具、擴充功能等,可以加速專案開發。你可以購買或下載免費的素材、外掛、教學資源等。它同時也是社群分享知識的地方,對初學者來說是很好的學習資源。

05Unity Hub是做什麼的?

官方說明提到Unity Hub是用來管理多個Unity Editor安裝、建立新專案、存取你的工作的工具。也就是說,你可以用Unity Hub來安裝不同版本的Unity、切換專案、管理編輯器。它算是Unity開發流程的入口,建議先安裝Unity Hub再開始使用。

06完全沒寫過程式的人適合用嗎?

官方說明提到「beginners, students and hobbyists」是目標使用者之一,而且有「tons of tutorials and ready-made assets」可以引導學習。但Unity本身是專業遊戲引擎,需要學習程式語言(C#)和遊戲開發概念。如果完全沒寫過程式,建議先從官方教學和簡單的2D專案開始,逐步學習。

Unity 介面畫面 3
Unity 介面畫面

07獨立開發者適合嗎?

官方說明提到「independent developers and studios」是主要使用者,而且免費版就是為了獨立開發者設計的(收入低於20萬美元)。官方也提到「democratizing ecosystem smashes the time and cost barriers」,意思是降低開發時間和成本門檻。如果你是自己一個人或小團隊開發,Unity的資源和社群應該能提供足夠支援。

08學生或業餘愛好者適合嗎?

官方說明提到「beginners, students and hobbyists」是目標使用者,而且有大量教學資源和免費版可以使用。學生可以用免費版學習遊戲開發,業餘愛好者也可以用它來做自己喜歡的專案。但要注意免費版的收入限制,如果未來你的遊戲開始賺錢且超過20萬美元,就需要升級付費方案。

09不會英文的人用這套軟體會很吃力嗎?

這套軟體的介面語系是英文,官方說明也是英文,所以不會英文的話確實會比較吃力。但Unity有龐大的中文社群和教學資源,網路上有許多中文教學影片和文章。建議可以先從中文教學開始學習,同時慢慢熟悉英文介面。如果完全無法接受英文介面,可能需要考慮其他有中文介面的遊戲引擎。

Unity 介面畫面 4
Unity 介面畫面

10我公司收入超過20萬美元,還能用免費版嗎?

根據官方說明,免費版的資格是「Revenue or funding less than $200K in the last 12 months」,也就是過去12個月收入或資金少於20萬美元。如果你的公司收入超過這個門檻,就不能使用免費版,需要購買付費方案。建議到Unity官方網站查看最新的授權方案和價格。

11我的電腦還是Windows 7,能用嗎?

官方支援系統包含Windows 7 64位元,所以如果你的電腦是Windows 7 64位元,應該可以安裝使用。但要注意,Windows 7已經停止支援,Unity後續版本可能不再支援Windows 7。建議確認你使用的Unity版本是否支援Windows 7,並考慮升級作業系統以獲得更好的相容性和安全性。

12我只想做簡單的2D小遊戲,用這套軟體會不會太複雜?

Unity支援2D開發,官方說明提到「The app supports both 2D and 3D development with features and functionality for your specific needs across genres」,所以2D遊戲是沒問題的。但Unity本身是專業引擎,功能很多,學習曲線可能比專門的2D遊戲工具(如GameMaker)陡峭。如果你只想做非常簡單的2D遊戲,可以先從Unity的2D教學開始,評估自己是否能接受它的複雜度。

下載與官方連結

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版本紀錄

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看完整版本清單

這一版改了什麼

What's new in this version:

Fixes:
- 2D: Fixed Unity crashes when selecting SpriteRenderer with tiling enabled in SceneView
- Asset Import: Fixed issue with uninitialized color variable in SketchupImporter
- Asset Import: Fixed typos in error messages of MaterialDescriptionPostProcessors
- Asset Import: Fixed wrong UV settings in Materials imported from .dae fileswith MaterialImportMode = ImportViaMaterialDescription
- Asset Import: NullReferenceException is thrown when inspecting a .FBX file with multiple clips and opening Animation tab
- Editor: Fixed missing MonoBleedingEdge/etc directory in Zip Installer
- GI: Fixed an issue with incorrect culling of spot lights against the light grid when using the CPU lightmapper
- Graphics: Added the option to limit the amount of visible lights when doing culling with Scriptable Render Pipeline
- Graphics: Fixed draw setup failure not properly detected during batched rendering
- Graphics: Fixed possibility to abort restart of editor after changing graphics API, which could put editor in a bad state
- Graphics: Fixed Vertex and Fragment shader interfaces mismatch on some platforms
- IL2CPP: Allowed the GetAllNetworkInterfaces method to work on UWP
- IL2CPP: Corrected secure string allocation on Windows platforms
- IL2CPP: Corrected the build for unsafe code using the cpobj and cpblk IL instructions with IntPtr arguments
- Package Manager: Fixed an issue where files or directories ending with .core were ignored when making a package tarball through the /services/packages/pack route
- Package Manager: Fixed an issue where some registries were mistakenly not considered valid registries
- Package Manager: Fixed an issue where Unity could not connect to the UnityPackageManager process due to misconfigured proxy settings
- Package Manager: Fixed an issue where Unauthorized errors from npm registries were treated as generic errors
- Package Manager: Fixed Linux binary not running on CentOS distribution
- Package Manager: Fixed scoped registry packages not listed when the registry backend did not provide the content-type header in the response
- Package Manager: Improved the error message when a search for a package name results in no compatible version found by reporting the package name as well
- Package Manager: Resolved errors in Adaptive Performance Samsung Android package when using .net 3.5
- Package Manager: Resolved warnings in Adaptive Performance Package when using .net 3.5
- Package Manager: Shortened the name of folders storing Git packages in the project cache in order to reduce the likelihood of reaching the maximum path limit on Windows
- Prefabs: Editor functionality completely broken, due to prefab containing broken overrides
- This PR removes the broken overrides, to bring editor into a useful state
- Prefabs: Fixed AssetDatabase.SaveAssets and AssetDatabase.ImportAsset would breaking references to the imported/modified prefab
- Scripting: SerializedProperty::HasVisibleChildren now returns false in the case of a SerializedReference if the property is hidden in inspector. This is now consistent with SerializedProperty::NextVisible
- Scripting Upgrade: Fixed ApiUpdater not removing using statements in some scenarios
- Scripting Upgrade: Fixed ApiUpdater not respecting InternalsVisibleToAttribute
- Terrain: Fixed crash that occurs with async updates to Tree count
- Video: Last frames of video are repeated when played using Video Player Component
- Windows: Fixed primary display leaving fullscreen when 2nd display activated
- XR: Fixed mirror view UI is missing for 19.3 XRSDK
- XR: Fixed Visual Effect Graph not rendering with instanced terrain and XR single-pass instancing
- XR: Recentered the Headset when Oculus' Reset View is called from the OS
- XR: Support conditionally rendering stereo frames on XR Display using the shim layer

API Changes:
- Graphics: Added: Added the option to limit the amount of visible lights when doing culling with Scriptable Render Pipeline
- Package Manager: Removed: Removed support for the deprecated exclude project dependency keyword

Changes:
- Package Manager: An error is now reported when there are multiple embedded packages with the same name
- Package Manager: Changed path and file format of global configuration file. The configuration file format is now [TOML](https://github.com/toml-lang/toml). The old global configuration file path is deprecated. New global configuration should be set in this new file.

Improvements:
- Asset Import: Added AssetDatabase.DisallowAutoRefresh and AssetDatabase.AllowAutoRefresh to the C# API. (1173031)
- HLSLcc: Added an option that attempts to preserve varying locations
- Package Manager: Update verified packages to 1.1.0:
- com.unity.adaptiveperformance
- com.unity.adaptiveperformance.samsung.android

Features:
- Package Manager: Added support for Git package to be located in a repository sub-folder
- Package Manager: Added support for scoped registries authentication
- Package Manager: Introduced two new environment variables to override user and global configuration files path. UPM_GLOBAL_CONFIG_FILE overrides the default path of the global configuration file. UPM_USER_CONFIG_FILE overrides the default path of the user configuration file.