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想做遊戲但不知從哪開始,Unity能幫你什麼

Unity 軟體圖示 Unity 2019.3.8 資料更新 2020-04-06 閱讀約 7 分鐘

你大概有過這種時刻:玩了某款遊戲之後,心裡冒出「這我也做得出來」的念頭,於是打開電腦想找一套能開發遊戲的軟體。結果搜尋到的東西不是太專業看不懂,就是下載下來不知道從哪裡開始,連要建一個角色、讓它動起來都找不到按鈕。你只是想先做一個簡單的小遊戲試試看,卻卡在第一步。

如果從程式語言開始學,光是理解變數、迴圈、物件導向就要花上好幾個月,還沒碰到遊戲畫面就先放棄了。就算找到現成的遊戲範例,也常常因為版本不對、缺少素材、不知道怎麼修改而卡住。這類遊戲開發工具的切入點,是把「寫程式」和「做遊戲」之間的距離縮短——用視覺化的編輯器排列場景、拖曳物件、設定參數,需要寫程式的部分再補上程式碼,同時提供大量現成素材和教學資源,讓你能夠從一個小原型開始,逐步做出完整的遊戲。

Unity 操作介面
Unity 的操作介面

01Unity能做什麼類型的遊戲?

官方說明指出它同時支援2D和3D開發,包含AI尋路工具、UI系統、物理引擎(Box2D和NVIDIA PhysX)、動畫工具、後製特效等,可以製作各種類型的遊戲。官方也提到可以用於VR、AR、手機、桌機、網頁、電視等多種平台。具體想做什麼類型的遊戲,可以參考官方教學和Asset Store的資源。

02它支援哪些平台發布?

官方說明提到可以發布到25個以上平台,包括手機(iOS、Android)、桌機(Windows、Mac)、遊戲主機、電視、VR、AR和網頁。它的跨平台功能可以「build once and deploy to the largest range」,也就是一次建置就能發布到多個平台。但具體支援哪些平台,建議到官方網站確認最新清單。

03免費版有什麼限制?

官方說明提到「Unity 6 Personal - Free Plan」是免費版本,但資格是「Revenue or funding less than $200K in the last 12 months」,也就是過去12個月收入或資金少於20萬美元。超過這個門檻就需要付費方案。免費版包含核心開發平台功能,但可能缺少某些進階功能,建議到官方網站查看免費版與付費版的詳細比較。

Unity 介面畫面 2
Unity 介面畫面

04Asset Store是什麼?

sset Store是Unity的資源商店,官方說明提到裡面有「thousands of quality, ready-made assets」,包括資源、工具、擴充功能等,可以加速專案開發。你可以購買或下載免費的素材、外掛、教學資源等。它同時也是社群分享知識的地方,對初學者來說是很好的學習資源。

05Unity Hub是做什麼的?

官方說明提到Unity Hub是用來管理多個Unity Editor安裝、建立新專案、存取你的工作的工具。也就是說,你可以用Unity Hub來安裝不同版本的Unity、切換專案、管理編輯器。它算是Unity開發流程的入口,建議先安裝Unity Hub再開始使用。

06完全沒寫過程式的人適合用嗎?

官方說明提到「beginners, students and hobbyists」是目標使用者之一,而且有「tons of tutorials and ready-made assets」可以引導學習。但Unity本身是專業遊戲引擎,需要學習程式語言(C#)和遊戲開發概念。如果完全沒寫過程式,建議先從官方教學和簡單的2D專案開始,逐步學習。

Unity 介面畫面 3
Unity 介面畫面

07獨立開發者適合嗎?

官方說明提到「independent developers and studios」是主要使用者,而且免費版就是為了獨立開發者設計的(收入低於20萬美元)。官方也提到「democratizing ecosystem smashes the time and cost barriers」,意思是降低開發時間和成本門檻。如果你是自己一個人或小團隊開發,Unity的資源和社群應該能提供足夠支援。

08學生或業餘愛好者適合嗎?

官方說明提到「beginners, students and hobbyists」是目標使用者,而且有大量教學資源和免費版可以使用。學生可以用免費版學習遊戲開發,業餘愛好者也可以用它來做自己喜歡的專案。但要注意免費版的收入限制,如果未來你的遊戲開始賺錢且超過20萬美元,就需要升級付費方案。

09不會英文的人用這套軟體會很吃力嗎?

這套軟體的介面語系是英文,官方說明也是英文,所以不會英文的話確實會比較吃力。但Unity有龐大的中文社群和教學資源,網路上有許多中文教學影片和文章。建議可以先從中文教學開始學習,同時慢慢熟悉英文介面。如果完全無法接受英文介面,可能需要考慮其他有中文介面的遊戲引擎。

Unity 介面畫面 4
Unity 介面畫面

10我公司收入超過20萬美元,還能用免費版嗎?

根據官方說明,免費版的資格是「Revenue or funding less than $200K in the last 12 months」,也就是過去12個月收入或資金少於20萬美元。如果你的公司收入超過這個門檻,就不能使用免費版,需要購買付費方案。建議到Unity官方網站查看最新的授權方案和價格。

11我的電腦還是Windows 7,能用嗎?

官方支援系統包含Windows 7 64位元,所以如果你的電腦是Windows 7 64位元,應該可以安裝使用。但要注意,Windows 7已經停止支援,Unity後續版本可能不再支援Windows 7。建議確認你使用的Unity版本是否支援Windows 7,並考慮升級作業系統以獲得更好的相容性和安全性。

12我只想做簡單的2D小遊戲,用這套軟體會不會太複雜?

Unity支援2D開發,官方說明提到「The app supports both 2D and 3D development with features and functionality for your specific needs across genres」,所以2D遊戲是沒問題的。但Unity本身是專業引擎,功能很多,學習曲線可能比專門的2D遊戲工具(如GameMaker)陡峭。如果你只想做非常簡單的2D遊戲,可以先從Unity的2D教學開始,評估自己是否能接受它的複雜度。

下載與官方連結

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UnityDownloadAssistant-2019.3.8f1.exe · 204.8 KB · 連結指向軟體原廠

版本紀錄

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看完整版本清單

這一版改了什麼

What's new in this version:

Fixes:
- 2D: Handle user exceptions properly from Tilemap.tilemapTileChanged callback
- Asset Pipeline: Fixing sorting problem that was causing indeterminism in Content Update Pipeline.
- Asset Pipeline: Importer that is not allowed to cache results on cache server now can also not cache locally
- Build Pipeline: Fix bug preventing mesh compression on iphone when building with the scriptable build pipeline
- Build Pipeline: Fixes an issue where upon BuildPipeline functions cause a re-execution of the last Async task when called in an Async function
- Editor: Fixed an issue where leaving a game object in a scene with a DontSaveInEditor hideFlags would result in an error on cleanup.
- Editor: Fixed an issue where running a test fixture would also run other fixtures with the same full name (namespace plus classname) in other assemblies.
- Editor: Fixed an issue where the grid color does not change upon updating the grid color from preferences window.
- Editor: Fixed performance regression with custom inspector property fields
- Editor: Fixed Test execution timed out. No activity received from the player in 600 seconds error when player is not supposed to start.
- Editor: Fixed the editor application main thread tick timer throttling causing unwanted spikes and delays.
- Editor: Fixes custom property drawer layouting and height computation
- Editor: Now ITestPlayerBuildModifier.ModifyOptions is called as expected when running tests on a device.
- Editor: Orphaned Unity processes will now be cleaned up
- Editor: Running a playmode tests with "Maximize on Play" will now correctly show the result of the tests in the test runner window.
- Editor: Running tests with the same full name, with a domain reload in-between, will no longer fail to initialize the fixture of the second class.
- Graphics: Fix crash when cleaning up intermediate renderers.
- Graphics: Fix issue where game UI would not be visible in preview camera.
- Graphics: Fix material.mainTextureOffset by adding [MainTexture] shader property attribute.
- Graphics: Fix sporadic crash when using GraphicsJobs with Vulkan
- Graphics: Fixed issue with DX11 blit operations crashing when shader recompilation is triggered
- Graphics: Shaders matrix properties and colors are incorrect with SG + Hybrid v1
- Graphics: This function goal is to access the texture target. Avoid rebinding the texture and polute state if the texture target is unknown.
- IL2CPP: Fixes issue where the editor installer did not ensure we had a minimum of .Net 4.7.2 installed which we now require
- IMGUI: PR fixes the size of the rect used to render Warning icon in the Import package window
- Licenses: Backport fix for the issue when Editor cannot talk to the Licensing Client, if the username has Unicode/UTF-8 characters into Unity 2019.3.
- Particles: Fixed crash when using disable stop action, with pause-and-catchup cull mode, and system is culled when it ends.
- Particles: Fixed FPS mode when using sprites.
- Physics: Ensure that a child Kinematic Rigidbody2D driven by a parent Rigidbody2D stays in-sync with the parent pose.
- Physics: Ensure we don't report OnCollision/OnTrigger Exit for 2D colliders when they are disabled/inactive when the "Physics2D.callbacksOnDisable" is off.
- Physics: Fix a crash in "PhysicsContacts2D::PreSolve" during 2D collision when hundreds of contacts are involved. This also lifts the limit of Collider2D/Collider2D contact count from 64 to an unlimited amount.
- Physics: Fix rare console warning of "RigidBody2D has an invalid movement state index during removal".
- Player: Fixed "Default Is Native Resolution" setting change being ignored in the Standalone player after changing default fullscreen mode to fullscreen from windowed when not changing any other setting.
- Prefabs: Fixed issue where the Hierarchy window Create ([+]) dropdown menu item "Create Empty Child" would, in Prefab Mode, place the created child under the Prefab root rather than under the selected object.
- Scripting: Renaming a type used by SerializeReference and renaming back to its original name will preserve the instance data.
- Serialization: Ensure to fix errors about read size mismatching write size when entering Play mode in case there is an empty collection of a type containing a Serialized Reference object
- Serialization: Fix for field marked as [SerializeReference] and having a static types of System.Object that were not being serialized.
- Shaders: Fix Metal compute shaders stripping unused constant buffer vars, therefore messing up the data layout.
- Shaders: Fixed shaders not always compiling properly on include changes
- Shaders: Fixing missing local keywords, if shaders in asset bundle do not contains serialized shader snippets.
- Shaders: Fixing missing shader keyword error.
- Timeline: Updated default Timeline package version to 1.2.14
- Version Control: Fixed Checkout inspector button not shown in some cases (1185127)
- Video: Unity hangs on quit after failing to load large number of Video Clips from URL at once
- WebGL: The main loop is never scheduled when build starts in background
- Windows: CorsorLockMode.Confined now locks to window client area instead of the whole window rect on Windows Standalone player
- Windows: Fixed Windows Standalone player executable name not matching Product Name player setting when using keyboard shortcut to Build & Run.
- XR: Fixed a case where the camera does not respect near/far clipping plane settings

API Changes:
- 2D: Added: Add GridPaintingState.brushes to allow users to get a collection of all available Grid Brushes
- 2D: Added: Add GridPaintingState.paletteChanged to allow users to add callbacks when the active palette has changed
- 2D: Added: Add GridPaintingState.palettes to allow users to get a collection of all available Palettes

Changes:
- 2D: Make Tilemap.tilemapTileChanged and Tilemap.SyncTile public
- Graphics: Changed default scripting backend of the Universal RP template to il2cpp

Improvements:
- Graphics: Updated embedded graphics packages to version 7.3.0