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寫 LaTeX 論文文獻亂糟糟?JabRef 能幫你整理什麼

JabRef 軟體圖示 JabRef 5.1 資料更新 2020-08-31 閱讀約 6 分鐘

你正在寫學術論文,手邊累積了幾十篇 PDF 和上百條參考文獻。過去你習慣把 BibTeX 條目直接貼進 .bib 檔,但現在條目一多,重複的 key、漏掉的欄位、格式不一致的引用,讓編譯時老是跳出警告。你想找個方式把這些文獻好好管起來,卻不確定該從哪裡下手。

手動維護 BibTeX 檔案不是不能做,只是當文獻量超過某個程度,出錯的機率會高到讓人煩躁。這類工具切入的點,是讓你把文獻資料集中在一處管理,用介面代替純文字編輯,再自動產生格式正確的引用條目。你不需要記住 BibTeX 語法,也不用擔心某條引用少了必要欄位。

JabRef 操作介面
JabRef 的操作介面

01JabRef 到底能幫我做到什麼程度?

它是一套以 BibTeX 為基礎的文獻管理工具,主要功能是建立、編輯、整理書目資料庫。你可以手動新增條目,也可以從 DOI、ISBN 或線上資料庫自動抓取引用資訊。它支援 BibTeX 和 BibLaTeX 兩種格式,也能把 PDF 連結到對應的條目上,讓文獻庫不只是文字資料,還包含全文檔案。

02它可以從 Google Scholar 直接抓文獻資料嗎?

可以。官方說明指出它支援從 Google Scholar、PubMed 和 CrossRef 等學術資料庫檢索並匯入參考文獻。實際使用時,你可以在軟體內輸入關鍵字搜尋,找到後直接加入你的文獻庫,省去手動複製貼上條目的步驟。不過不同資料庫的匯入成功率可能會有差異,建議自己試過再決定主要用哪個來源。

03我有一堆 PDF 論文,它能幫我整理嗎?

它提供 PDF 與檔案連結功能,可以把全文 PDF 附加到對應的文獻條目上。另外有 metadata 擷取功能,能從 PDF 中自動讀取 DOI、ISBN 等資訊,再從線上資料庫補齊引用細節。這表示你不需要逐筆手動輸入,只要把 PDF 丟進去,它有機會自己找出這篇論文是誰寫的、發表在哪裡。

JabRef 介面畫面 2
JabRef 介面畫面

04在 Word 或 LibreOffice 裡寫論文,能用它插入引用嗎?

可以。JabRef 有直接與 Word 和 LibreOffice 整合的功能,可以在文件裡插入引用,並產生格式化書目。這對不用 LaTeX 的人來說是重要的替代路徑。不過要注意,它主要還是以 LaTeX 使用者為核心設計,Word 整合的完整度可能不如 Zotero 或 Mendeley 那類以 Word 為主的工具。

05多人一起寫論文,文獻庫要怎麼共用?

它沒有內建雲端同步功能,但官方說明提到可以把資料庫檔案放在 Dropbox、Google Drive 或 GitHub 上,透過雲端儲存或版本控制系統來同步。也就是說,共用方式是「檔案層級」的合作,不是多人同時編輯同一份資料庫。如果你需要即時協作,可能要考慮其他方案。

06我不用 LaTeX,只寫 Word 文件,適合用這套軟體嗎?

官方說明明確表示,它雖然主要為 LaTeX 使用者設計,但也支援將引用匯出到 Word 及其他格式。如果你只是偶爾需要插入引用,它可以用;但如果你整個寫作流程都依賴 Word,Zotero 或 Mendeley 的瀏覽器擴充功能和 Word 整合會更順手。JabRef 的優勢還是在 BibTeX 生態系裡。

JabRef 介面畫面 3
JabRef 介面畫面

07它介面只有英文,會不會很難上手?

介面確實只有英文,但它的操作邏輯不算複雜:上方是工具列,中間是表格形式的文獻列表,右側是 metadata 面板。對習慣英文介面的人來說,學習成本不高。如果你對英文介面感到吃力,可以考慮 Zotero,它有完整的中文介面,社群文件也比較多。

08它跟 Zotero 比起來,主要差在哪?

兩者都是免費開源文獻管理工具,但定位不同。JabRef 以 BibTeX 為核心,適合 LaTeX 工作流程;Zotero 則以瀏覽器整合和 Word 外掛見長,對一般學術寫作更直覺。Zotero 有內建雲端同步(免費帳號有容量限制),JabRef 沒有。另外 Zotero 的 PDF 註記功能比 JabRef 完整,後者官方說明也承認這點是弱項。

09我習慣用瀏覽器擴充功能一鍵儲存網頁上的文獻,它能做到嗎?

官方功能說明中沒有提到瀏覽器擴充功能。它的匯入方式主要是從學術資料庫檢索、載入 BibTeX 檔案或手動輸入。如果你很依賴「在瀏覽器看到論文,一鍵存進文獻庫」的工作流程,Zotero 或 Mendeley 的瀏覽器外掛會更符合你的需求。JabRef 的匯入路徑比較偏向「先有條目,再整理」。

JabRef 介面畫面 4
JabRef 介面畫面

10它更新頻率好像不高,會不會有相容性問題?

根據版本紀錄,近 24 個月只有 1 次更新,確實不算頻繁。它需要 Java Runtime Environment 11 以上才能執行,如果你系統的 Java 版本太舊,可能無法啟動。另外它支援 Windows 10/11,官方也提供 Mac 和 Linux 版本。如果你擔心長期維護問題,可以觀察社群是否活躍,或考慮更新更頻繁的替代方案。

11我文獻量不大,大概幾十條而已,需要特別用工具管理嗎?

幾十條文獻用手動維護 .bib 檔還算可行,但如果你會持續累積,或需要從多個來源匯入資料,早點建立管理習慣會比較省事。JabRef 的學習曲線不算陡,安裝後把現有 .bib 檔載入就能開始用。不過如果你只是偶爾寫一篇短文,用純文字編輯器也夠用,不必多裝一套需要 Java 環境的軟體。

12這套軟體有內建雲端同步嗎?我需要在不同電腦間同步文獻庫。

沒有內建雲端同步。官方說明明確指出,它不提供雲端儲存功能,但你可以把資料庫檔案放在 Dropbox、Google Drive 或 GitHub 上自行同步。這表示你必須手動管理檔案版本,多人同時編輯時可能會有衝突。如果你需要無縫的跨裝置同步,Zotero 或 Mendeley 的內建同步功能會更省心。

下載與官方連結

前往官方網站 下載 JabRef

JabRef-5.1.msi · 164 MB · 連結指向軟體原廠

版本紀錄

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看完整版本清單

這一版改了什麼

What's new in this version:

Added:
- We added a new fetcher to enable users to search mEDRA DOIs
- We added a new fetcher to enable users to search "Collection of Computer Science Bibliographies".
- We added default values for delimiters in Add Subgroup window
- We improved responsiveness of general fields specification dialog window.
- We added support for importing ris file and load DOI
- We added the Library properties to a context menu on the library tabs
- We added a new field in the preferences in 'BibTeX key generator' for unwanted characters that can be user-specified.
- We added support for searching ShortScience for an entry through the user's browser.
- We updated EditionChecker to permit edition to start with a number.
- We added tooltips for most fields in the entry editor containing a short description.
- We added support for basic markdown in custom formatted previews
- We now show the number of items found and selected to import in the online search dialog.
- We created a new install screen for macOS.
- We added a new integrity check for duplicate DOIs. kopp
- We implemented an option to download fulltext files while importing.
- We added a progress-indicator showing the average progress of background tasks to the toolbar. Clicking it reveals a pop-over with a list of running background tasks
- We fixed the bug when strike the delete key in the text field.
- We added a BibTex key modifier for truncating strings.
- We added support for jumping to target entry when typing letter/digit after sorting a column in maintable
- We added a new fetcher to enable users to search all available E-Libraries simultaneously
- We added the field "entrytype" to the export sort criteria
- We added the possibility to change the display order of the fields in the entry editor. The order can now be configured using drag and drop in the "Customize entry types" dialog
- We added native support for biblatex-software
- We added a missing restart warning for AutoComplete in the preferences dialog.
- We added a note to the citation key pattern preferences dialog as a temporary workaround for a JavaFX bug, about committing changes in a table cell, if the focus is lost.

Changed:
- We improved the arXiv fetcher. Now it should find entries even more reliably and does no longer include the version (e.g v1) in the eprint field. forum#1941
- We moved the group search bar and the button "New group" from bottom to top position to make it more prominent. #6112
- When JabRef finds a .sav file without changes, there is no dialog asking for acceptance of changes anymore.
- We changed the buttons for import/export/show all/reset of preferences to smaller icon buttons in the preferences dialog. #6130
- We moved the functionality "Manage field names & content" from the "Library" menu to the "Edit" menu, because it affects the selected entries and not the whole library
- We merged the functionality "Append contents from a BibTeX library into the currently viewed library" into the "Import into database" functionality. Fixes #6049.
- We changed the directory where fulltext downloads are stored to the directory set in the import-tab in preferences. #6381
- We improved the error message for invalid jstyles. #6303
- We changed the section name of 'Advanced' to 'Network' in the preferences and removed some obsolete options.#6489
- We improved the context menu of the column "Linked identifiers" of the main table, by truncating their texts, if they are too long. #6499
- We merged the main table tabs in the preferences dialog. #6518
- We changed the command line option 'generateBibtexKeys' to the more generic term 'generateCitationKeys' while the short option remains 'g'.#6545
- We improved the "Possible duplicate entries" window to remember its size and position throughout a session. #6582
- We divided the toolbar into small parts, so if the application window is to small, only a part of the toolbar is moved into the chevron popup. #6682
- We changed the layout for of the buttons in the Open Office side panel to ensure that the button text is always visible, specially when resizing. #6639
- We merged the two new library commands in the file menu to one which always creates a new library in the default library mode. #6359

Fixed:
- We fixed an issue where entry preview tab has no name in drop down list. #6591
- We fixed to only search file links in the BIB file location directory when preferences has corresponding checkbox checked. #5891
- We fixed wrong button order (Apply and Cancel) in ManageProtectedTermsDialog.
- We fixed an issue with incompatible characters at BibTeX key #6257
- We fixed an issue where dash (-) was reported as illegal BibTeX key #6295
- We greatly improved the performance of the overall application and many operations. #5071
- We fixed an issue where sort by priority was broken. #6222
- We fixed an issue where opening a library from the recent libraries menu was not possible. #5939
- We fixed an issue with inconsistent capitalization of file extensions when downloading files. #6115
- We fixed the display of language and encoding in the preferences dialog. #6130
- Now the link and/or the link description in the column "linked files" of the main table gets truncated or wrapped, if too long, otherwise display issues arise. #6178
- We fixed the issue that groups panel does not keep size when resizing window. #6180
- We fixed an error that sometimes occurred when using the context menu. #6085
- We fixed an issue where search full-text documents downloaded files with same name, overwriting existing files. #6174
- We fixed an issue when importing into current library an erroneous message "import cancelled" is displayed even though import is successful. #6266
- We fixed an issue where custom jstyles for Open/LibreOffice where not saved correctly. #6170
- We fixed an issue where the INSPIRE fetcher was no longer working #6229
- We fixed an issue where custom exports with an uppercase file extension could not be selected for "Copy...-> Export to Clipboard" #6285
- We fixed the display of icon both in the main table and linked file editor. #6169
- We fixed an issue where the windows installer did not create an entry in the start menu bug report in the forum
- We fixed an issue where only the field abstract and comment were declared as multiline fields. Other fields can now be configured in the preferences using "Do not wrap the following fields when saving" 4373
- We fixed an issue where JabRef switched to discrete graphics under macOS #5935
- We fixed an issue where the Preferences entry preview will be unexpected modified leads to Value too long exception #6198
- We fixed an issue where custom jstyles for Open/LibreOffice would only be valid if a layout line for the entry type default was at the end of the layout section #6303
- We fixed an issue where a new entry is not shown in the library if a search is active #6297
- We fixed an issue where long directory names created from patterns could create an exception. #3915
- We fixed an issue where sort on numeric cases was broken. #6349
- We fixed an issue where year and month fields were not cleared when converting to biblatex #6224
- We fixed an issue where an "Not on FX thread" exception occured when saving on linux #6453
- We fixed an issue where the library sort order was lost. #6091
- We fixed an issue where brackets in regular expressions were not working. 6469
- We fixed an issue where multiple background task popups stacked over each other.. #6472
- We fixed an issue where LaTeX citations for specific commands (autocites) of biblatex-mla were not recognized. #6476
- We fixed an issue where drag and drop was not working on empty database. #6487
- We fixed an issue where the name fields were not updated after the preferences changed. #6515
- We fixed an issue where "null" appeared in generated BibTeX keys. #6459
- We fixed an issue where the authors' names were incorrectly displayed in the authors' column when they were bracketed. #6465 #6459
- We fixed an issue where importing certain unlinked files would result in an exception #5815
- We fixed an issue where downloaded files would be moved to a directory named after the citationkey when no file directory pattern is specified #6589
- We fixed an issue with the creation of a group of cited entries which incorrectly showed the message that the library had been modified externally whenever saving the library. #6420
- We fixed an issue with the creation of a group of cited entries. Now the file path to an aux file gets validated. #6585
- We fixed an issue on Linux systems where the application would crash upon inotify failure. Now, the user is prompted with a warning, and given the choice to continue the session. #6073
- We moved the search modifier buttons into the search bar, as they were not accessible, if autocompletion was disabled. #6625
- We fixed an issue about duplicated group color indicators #6175
- We fixed an issue where entries with the entry type Misc from an imported aux file would not be saved correctly to the bib file on disk #6405
- We fixed an issue where percent sign ('%') was not formatted properly by the HTML formatter #6753
- We fixed an issue with the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System fetcher where extbackslash appeared at the end of the abstract.
- We fixed an issue with the Science Direct fetcher where PDFs could not be downloaded. Fixes #5860
- We fixed an issue with the Library of Congress importer.
- We fixed the link to the external libraries listing in the about dialog
- We fixed an issue regarding pasting on Linux. #6293

Removed:
- We removed the option of the "enforce legal key"
- We removed the obsolete External programs / Open PDF section in the preferences, as the default application to open PDFs is now set in the Manage external file types dialog
- We removed the option to configure whether a .bib.bak file should be generated upon save. It is now always enabled
- We removed the built-in list of IEEE journal abbreviations using BibTeX strings. If you still want to use them, you have to download them separately